Unit 7 And 8 Flashcards
What is a balanced diet?
A balanced diet provides energy and proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, water and fibre in the correct quantities
Requirements of the diet depending on a persons age w
Requirements of the diet depend on a persons age, gender and how active they are
What are carbohydrates used for
Carbohydrates include sugars and starch, which provides us with a ready source of energy that is easily respired.
What are proteins used for
In order your body to grow and develop, it needs protein to make new cells.
What are fats used for
Fats are important as long term energy store£
What are the main causes of obesity
- High intake of fatty foods and sugar
- Too little exercise
- Social and emocional stress
How is scurvy caused?
Scurvy is caused by deficiency of vitamin C, it causes bleeding gums
What is ingestion?
Ingestion is the taking of substances
What is digestion?
Digestion is the breaking down of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules
What is absorption?
Absorption is the movement of small food molecules and ions through the wall of the intestine into the blood
What is assimilation?
Assimilation is the movement of digestive food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used
What is egestion?
Egestion is the passing out of food that has not been digested or absorbed as excretion
What is mechanical digestion?
Mechanical digestion is the physical breakdown of food particles to increase their surface area.
What is chemical digestion?
Chemical digestion is the breakdown of large, insoluble food molecules into smaller, water soluble molecules by the action of enzymes
What does amylase breakdown?
Amylase breaks down starch molecules into glucose molecules
What does protease break down?
Protease breaks down protein molecules to amino acids
What does lipase break down?
Lipase breaks down fats to fatty acids and glycerol
What are incisors teeth used for?
Biting and cutting
What are canines used for?
Piercing and tearing
What are premolars used for?
Grinding and chewing
What is the function of the Bile?
Bile emulsifies fats in the duodenum. The smaller fat globules have a larger surface area upon which lipase can act
What do xylem vessels do?
Xylem vessels transport water and mineral ions from the roots up the stem to the leaves
What do phloem vessels do?
Phloem vessels transport sucrose, made in the leaves during photosynthesis and in storage organs, to other parts of the plant
How does water enter the root cell?
Osmosis
