Unit 8: Biodiversity, Kingdom Protista (8.4)

Question 1

Most of these organisms are _____cellular.

Answer 1

uni

Question 2

Feeds on other organisms.
Includes the Animal – like prtotists. (These are protozoa or zooplankton.)(“zoa” means “animal”)
Also includes the Fungus – like protists.

Answer 2

Heterotroph

Question 3

Photosynthesizers

Includes the Plant – like protists. (These are the algae and phytoplankton.)

Answer 3

Photoautotroph

Question 4

These organisms can obtain energy either way

Answer 4

Mixotroph

Question 5

Most organisms are ______.

Answer 5

motile

Question 6

They use _____ or ______ to move through the water or other liquid.

Answer 6

flagella, cilia

Question 7

They use flagella or cilia to move through the water or other liquid.
These are not _________ structures with bacteria – it is an analogous structure, remember.

Answer 7

homologous

Question 8

These (flagella/cilia) are an extension of the cytoplasm in protists so they are considered ________; They are part of
the plasma membrane in prokaryotes and are therefore not considered organelles.

Answer 8

organelles

Question 9

The flagella are believed to have been a helical prokaryote that entered into a ________ relationship.

Answer 9

symbiotic

Question 10

Most are ________ reproducing organisms. (Remember, this method favors variation.)

Answer 10

sexually

Question 11

Some are _______. (This is a faster process but produces no variation; they are all clones.)

Answer 11

asexual

Question 12

These are mostly _______ organisms. (Most are important parts of food aquatic food chains or webs.)

Answer 12

aquatic

Question 13

Some organisms are symbiotic _________.

Answer 13

parasites

Question 14

The Endosymbiotic Hypothesis was proposed by ______ _______ in 1960.

Answer 14

Lynn Margulis

Question 15

It proposes that smaller prokaryotes entered into a symbiotic relationship with a larger prokaryote for protection. In return, the smaller prokaryote provided the ability to produce energy or motility for the larger organism. This relationship would have given the “new” organism an evolutionary advantage over the existing prokaryotes. This advantage led to the evolution of the Domain Eukarya and eventually over hundreds of millions of years to the Kingdoms Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Answer 15

Endosymbiotic Hypothesis

Question 16

supporting evidence for the endosymbiotic hypothesis

Answer 16

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Flagella

Question 17

These are Bi-flagellated organisms. Most of these organisms are Mixotrophic. (They can photosynthesize and also are heterotrophic.) They have a red eye spot that helps in detecting sunlight.

Answer 17

Euglenozoa

Question 18

These organisms contain small air –filled chambers called alveoli.

Answer 18

Alveolata

Question 19

Most are phytoplankton.

Example - Red Tide (These are toxic to most mollusks, fish, and humans.)

Answer 19

Dinoflagellate (type of Alveolata)

Question 20

Produce a yellow-brown, energy rich oil. Have a strong outer shell composed of silica. (They look like stained glass.) Important phytoplankton. (In food chains, they are major producers.)

Answer 20

Diatoms

Question 21

A.K.A. Sea weed or kelp. Produce a brown, light absorbing pigment that contains Iodine

Answer 21

Phaeophyta

Question 22

Most move using Pseudopodia “oozing”. (“pseudo” means “false”; “poda” means “foot”) These catch and eat other organisms, just like animals. Ex. Amoebas

Answer 22

Animal-like Protists (protozoa)

Question 23

Most are free-living organisms and have no “real shape”.

Answer 23

Amoebas

Question 24

These feed on decaying organisms as they are decomposers.

Answer 24

Fungus-like Protists (Mycetozoa)

Question 25

These organisms perform photosynthesis, just like plants.

Answer 25

Plant-like protists