Unit 2: Water Properties Part 2 Flashcards
Water is called the ___________ _________.
universal solvent
Liquid that is doing the dissolving of another substance
solvent
Substance being dissolved in the solvent
solute
Substance possessing equal distribution of material. (Kool-aid is a good example.)
solution
__________ ________ of _______ make solvent, solute, and solutions possible.
hydrogen bonds, water
Water surrounding a molecule. Substance is dissolved and “disappears”.
hydration shell
Oils, grease, and fat are ___-_____ and therefore water can’t grab and dissolve. (Need salt to make a molecular bridge to dissolve… most dishwashing liquids are just saltwater with coloring.)
non-polar
Water cannot attach to the substance because the substance is non-polar.
The substance “hates” water’s polarity.
Hydrophobic
means water
hydro
means fear of
phobic
means love of
philic
Water can attach to the substance because the substance is polar.
The substance “loves” water’s polarity.
Hydrophilic
Refers to water breaking apart into H+ (Proton) and an OH- (Hydroxide Ion).
Dissociation
a substance that gives away H+. (Measured on a pH scale.)
acid
the ph scale goes from ___ to ___
0, 14
What is neutral on the ph scale?
7
7 – Substance is a ____
acid, base
a substance that gives away OH-. (Measured on a pOH scale.)
base
On the pOH scale: < 7 – substance is a _____; > 7 – substance is an _____
base, acid
A substance that can resist changes in pH or pOH.
buffer
It can take on or gives off a H+ or OH- to maintain the pH or pOH concentration
buffer
_______ helps keeps blood at a pH of 7.4 ideally
Bicarbonate
Example of buffer
Bicarbonate in human blood HCO₃¯
Why is bicarbonate needed?
because of the food, drink, air or other substances we put into our bodies
HCO3- can take on H+ from the blood to become H2CO3 (_______ ______) to raise blood pH. The H2CO3 then travels to the lungs where it is converted to H2O (water) and CO2.
carbonic acid
Refers to Rain, Snow, Sleet, Ice, or Fog with a low pH.
acid precipitation
Water falling in the environment that has a pH of less than 5.6.
acid precipitation
Acid precipitation is mainly caused by SO (____ _____) and NO (_____ ______) in the air to combine with water.
Both are found in fossil fuels when burned. (Such as oil, gasoline, or diesel fuel.)
Sulfur Oxide, Nitrous Oxide
