Unit 2: Water Properties Part 2

Question 1

Water is called the ___________ _________.

Answer 1

universal solvent

Question 2

Liquid that is doing the dissolving of another substance

Answer 2

solvent

Question 3

Substance being dissolved in the solvent

Answer 3

solute

Question 4

Substance possessing equal distribution of material. (Kool-aid is a good example.)

Answer 4

solution

Question 5

__________ ________ of _______ make solvent, solute, and solutions possible.

Answer 5

hydrogen bonds, water

Question 6

Water surrounding a molecule. Substance is dissolved and “disappears”.

Answer 6

hydration shell

Question 7

Oils, grease, and fat are ___-_____ and therefore water can’t grab and dissolve. (Need salt to make a molecular bridge to dissolve… most dishwashing liquids are just saltwater with coloring.)

Answer 7

non-polar

Question 8

Water cannot attach to the substance because the substance is non-polar.
The substance “hates” water’s polarity.

Answer 8

Hydrophobic

Question 9

means water

Answer 9

hydro

Question 10

means fear of

Answer 10

phobic

Question 11

means love of

Answer 11

philic

Question 12

Water can attach to the substance because the substance is polar.
The substance “loves” water’s polarity.

Answer 12

Hydrophilic

Question 13

Refers to water breaking apart into H+ (Proton) and an OH- (Hydroxide Ion).

Answer 13

Dissociation

Question 14

a substance that gives away H+. (Measured on a pH scale.)

Answer 14

acid

Question 15

the ph scale goes from ___ to ___

Answer 15

0, 14

Question 16

What is neutral on the ph scale?

Answer 16

7

Question 17

7 – Substance is a ____

Answer 17

acid, base

Question 18

a substance that gives away OH-. (Measured on a pOH scale.)

Answer 18

base

Question 19

On the pOH scale: < 7 – substance is a _____; > 7 – substance is an _____

Answer 19

base, acid

Question 20

A substance that can resist changes in pH or pOH.

Answer 20

buffer

Question 21

It can take on or gives off a H+ or OH- to maintain the pH or pOH concentration

Answer 21

buffer

Question 22

_______ helps keeps blood at a pH of 7.4 ideally

Answer 22

Bicarbonate

Question 23

Example of buffer

Answer 23

Bicarbonate in human blood HCO₃¯

Question 24

Why is bicarbonate needed?

Answer 24

because of the food, drink, air or other substances we put into our bodies

Question 25

HCO3- can take on H+ from the blood to become H2CO3 (_______ ______) to raise blood pH. The H2CO3 then travels to the lungs where it is converted to H2O (water) and CO2.

Answer 25

carbonic acid

Question 26

Refers to Rain, Snow, Sleet, Ice, or Fog with a low pH.

Answer 26

acid precipitation

Question 27

Water falling in the environment that has a pH of less than 5.6.

Answer 27

acid precipitation

Question 28

Acid precipitation is mainly caused by SO (____ _____) and NO (_____ ______) in the air to combine with water.
Both are found in fossil fuels when burned. (Such as oil, gasoline, or diesel fuel.)

Answer 28

Sulfur Oxide, Nitrous Oxide