Unit 2: Carbon Properties Flashcards
Branch of science dealing with the element carbon and its many properties.
organic chemistry
About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called Biomass) is ________ in organic molecules.
Carbon
About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called ________) is Carbon in organic molecules.
Biomass
The original source for Carbon in all life forms is _______ ________. (CO2 in Photosynthesis)
Carbon dioxide
refers to most compounds not containing Carbon.
Inorganic
They contain Carbon but are classified as inorganic. (3)
CH4 (Methane gas) and CO2 or CO
Carbon has versatility in four directions because of its four __________ _______ in its outer shell.
unpaired electrons
These four unpaired electrons allows carbon to act like an ________ in the building of an organic molecule by using those to form covalent bonds with other atoms.
intersection
Single Bond between Carbon atoms.(shown as: ______)
C-C
Double Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:____)
C=C
Triple Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:_____)
C=C
——
Molecules containing mostly Carbon and Hydrogen.
Hydrocarbons
Most hydrocarbons are _______ ______. (Some examples are: Fossil fuels, Oils, And Fats)
energy sources
The more ________ atoms in a molecule; the more energy there is in the molecule.
Hydrogen
___________ are important parts of cell membranes. (The tails of phospholipids)
Hydrocarbons
All hydrocarbons are extremely _______ because they are nonpolar molecules. (“Afraid of” water’s polarity.)
hydrophobic
(-OH)
This group allows molecules to act as an alcohol or polar molecule.
Name usually ends with “ol”.
Hydroxyls
A is at one end of the alphabet. Carbonyl is located on the end of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)
Aldehydes
K is in the middle of the alphabet.Carbonyl is located in the middle of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)
Ketones
Functional group with one double bonded oxygen. ((It takes one stroke to make a lower case “n”.)
carbonyls
Functional group that has two oxygens…one double bonded and one singled. (It takes two strokes to make an “x”.)
These molecules can act as an acid by losing a Hydrogen atom and can also possibly polar too.
carboxyl
Functional group that contains Nitrogen and can act as bases by picking up free H+.
amine
Functional group that contains Sulfur.
Sulfur can make Di-Sulfide bridges for “pockets” in protein formation .
Sulfhydrls
Functional group that contains Phosphorus.
These molecules are usually involved in E Transfers, such as associated with ATP. It can also act like an Anion, a negative ion.
Phosphate
These are the sites of most organic molecules chemical reactions or properties. (They have a function to do.)
Functional groups
