Digestive Systems (8.12)

Question 1

It is the source of chemical energy used to create ATP (molecule of cellular work) in the process of cellular respiration.It can also serve as the raw building materials for “making” the organism.

Answer 1

Food

Question 2

This condition is caused by a lack of food.

Answer 2

undernourishment

Question 3

This condition is caused by too much food in the diet. Condition can cause Obesity and heart problems.

Answer 3

overnourishment

Question 4

This condition is caused by eating poor quality food.

Answer 4

Malnourished

Question 5

These are plant eaters.

Answer 5

herbivores

Question 6

These are meat eaters.

Answer 6

carnivores

Question 7

These are plant and meat eaters. (“omni” means “all”)

Answer 7

omnivores

Question 8

whales, sponges, bivalves

Answer 8

Suspension/filter feeding

Question 9

maggots (Substrate refers to “surfaces”. They live in or on their food source.)

Answer 9

Substrate feeding

Question 10

(earthworms) (They eat substances deposited in the soil.)

Answer 10

deposit feeders

Question 11

(mosquitoes, hummingbirds) (Feed on fluids such as blood or plant nectar.)

Answer 11

fluid feeders

Question 12

(Humans and most other animals) (Bulk refers to “large quantities at one time”.)

Answer 12

Bulk feeders

Question 13

This is the putting of food in the mouth.

Answer 13

ingestion

Question 14

This is the breakdown of food.;

Answer 14

digestion

Question 15

This refers to trouble breaking down food.

Answer 15

indigestion

Question 16

Accomplished through enzymatic hydrolysis primarily.

Aided by mechanical (grinding/chewing) digestion as well.

Answer 16

Digestion

Question 17

Food molecules then undergo __________ into the circulatory system or diffusion into the surrounding tissues.

Answer 17

absorption

Question 18

Elimination of waste (about ___% of what is eaten) occurs at the end of the tract (anus) or out the mouth/anus for primitive animals.

Answer 18

10

Question 19

Where Digestion occurs: It starts as a single opening _______ (sponges) evolves over time into a single opening mouth/anus of a ________ cavity (Cnidarians and Platyhelminthes)

Answer 19

osculum, gastrovascular

Question 20

Gastrovascular cavities evolved into a two opening digestive tracts (A.K.A. ________ Canal) over millions of years.

Answer 20

Alimentary

Question 21

Starts digestion by breaking food up into smaller pieces.

Answer 21

Mouth/teeth

Question 22

This muscular tube sucks food up into the tract.

Answer 22

Pharynx

Question 23

This structure lubricates food for passage through the tract.

Answer 23

Esophagus

Question 24

(food storage)

Answer 24

Crop

Question 25

(food breakdown)

Answer 25

gizzard

Question 26

the crop and gizzard combined to form the _____

Answer 26

stomach

Question 27

This organ finishes food breakdown and also food absorption.

Answer 27

small intestines

Question 28

This organ is for waste collection and water reabsorption.

Answer 28

large intestines

Question 29

Where waste material exits the body.

Answer 29

anus

Question 30

related to diets (Just like beaks for birds.)

Answer 30

teeth types

Question 31

Increased _______ size for carnivores.

Answer 31

stomach

Question 32

Carnivores have short digestive tracts; herbivores have long digestive tracts.

Answer 32

length of digestive tract

Question 33

This structure contains cellulose digesting bacteria. (Animals are ruminants.)(They chew cud.)

Answer 33

Rumens in herbivores