Unit 8 Flashcards
Digestive System
ingestion of food
digestion of food
absorption of nutrients
elimination of waste
Peristalsis
muscular contractions that move food through digestive system
Small Intestine
absorbes nutrients
Large Intestine
removes waste
Changes in the gastrointestinal system due to aging
ability to taste decreases digestion tastes longer slow peristalsis causes constipation difficulty chewing & swallowing decreased absorption of vitamins & minerals decreased saliva & digestive fluids
Nutrition
taking in & using food by body to maintain health
Changes in Nutrition due to aging
difficulty swallowing medications decreased physical activity causing constipation or lack of appetite problems with teeth/dentures illness depression special diets
Water
essential nutrient for life
fats
source of energy
carbohydrates
energy
fiber
Proteins
tissue growth & repair
Vitamins
body function
Minerals
help normal body function
Liquid diets
for resident with nausea/vomiting
before surgery or test
foods that are liquid at room temperature
clear liquid diet is just liquids can see through
full liquid includes milk, cream soup, ice cream
Soft diet
restricts/eliminates raw fruits, veggies, meat, high fiber, fried, spicy food
for people recovering from surgery, illness, dental problems, weakness, transition from liquid to regular
Mechanical soft
blended or chopped foods to make them easier to swallow
doesn’t limit foods
for recovery from surgery, difficulty swallowing, dental problems
Pureed Diet
chopped/blended/ground like baby food consistency
for difficulty chewing and swallowing who cannot tolerate mechanical soft
Low Sodium
res with heart disease/high blood pressure/kidney disease
no salt shaker on tray
restrict condiments
Diabetes
problems with insulin that is produced by pancreas
Type 1
little or no insulin
early onset
Type 2
insulin resistance
late onset
Diabetes treatment
Insulin/oral meds
diet
exercise
Hypoglycemia
hunger
trembling
weakness
confusion
Hyperglycemia
hight blood sugar weakness thirst frequent urination fruity smelling breath
Complications with diabetes
skin breakdown infection poor circulation visual disturbance weight gain/loss
Res with feeding tube
notify nurse if
difficulty breathing
vomiting
abdominal swelling (distention)
signs of aspiration
