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CNA > Unit 13 > Flashcards

Unit 13 Flashcards

0
Q

CNS

A

Brain

Spinal Cord

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1
Q

Two parts of Nervous system

A

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

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2
Q

PNS

A

Nerves from spinal cord to rest of body

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3
Q

3 parts of Brain

A

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem

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4
Q

Cerebrum

A

Thought process and intelligence

Two sides - right and left

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5
Q

Cerebellum

A

Regulates movement

Controls balance

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6
Q

Brainstem

A 
Connects brain to spinal cord
Controls major body function: 
Breathing
Heart rate
Swallowing
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7
Q

Spinal cord

A

Conducts messages between brain and body

Controls reflexes

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8
Q

Brain and spinal cord protected by

A

Bones
Cerebrospinal fluid
Meninges

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9
Q

Anatomical nervous system

A

Sympathetic - fight or flight

Parasympathetic - slows down

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10
Q

Cerebrovascular Accident

A

Stroke
Blood supply to brain blocked
Ischemic stroke - clot or vessel blockage
Hemorrhagic Stroke - leaking of blood in brain

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11
Q

S&S of CVA

A

Face drooping
Arms drooping
Slurred speech

Act fast!!

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12
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of body

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13
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis on one side of body

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14
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

Inability to express needs

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15
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

Inability to understand others words

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16
Q

Effects of CVA

A 
One sided neglect 
Loss of ability to tell where affected parts are
Inappropriate emotional responses
Loss of bowel or bladder function
Dysphagia
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17
Q

Parkinson’s

A

Progressive lack of dopamine in brain

  • tremors
  • rigid muscles
  • shuffling gain
18
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A 
Progressive loss of myelin 
Diagnosed in young adulthood
Unknown cause
Varying symptoms 
No cure
19
Q

Paraplegia

A

Paralysis in lower body and legs

20
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis in arms and legs

21
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Restore a person to highest level of functioning

22
Q

What effects rehab:

A 
How soon it begins 
Pre-existing disease/injuries
Overall motivation
Facility
Staff, fam, friends
Rehab team attitude
Consistency in care plan
23
Q

Rehab team

A 
Dr
Nursing staff: RN, LPN, CNA
Physical therapy
Social worker
Family
Resident
24
Q

Restorative care

A

Used to maintain function after rehab

25
Q

Complications of immobility

A

Decubitus ulcers
Blood clots: thrombus, embolus
Muscle atrophy
Contractures

26
Q

Walking aids

A

Walkers
Canes (goes on strong side)
Crutches

27
Q

Orthotic devices

A

Applied externally to limbs to support, protect, improve function

28
Q

Positioning devices

A 
Back pillows
Foot boards
Bed cradles
Heel protectors
Abduction wedges
Trochanter hand rolls
29
Q

Range of motion

A

Puts joint through full range of motion

  • decrease/prevent Contractures
  • increase circulation
  • improve strength
30
Q

Active ROM

A

Done by res alone

31
Q

Active-assisted ROM

A

Done by res with help

32
Q

Passive ROM

A

Done by staff without res help

33
Q

Abduction

A

Move away from body

34
Q

Adduction

A

Move toward body

35
Q

Extension

A

Straighten limb

36
Q

Flexion

37
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Pull backwards

38
Q

Plantarflexion

39
Q

Rotation

A

Rotate limb

40
Q

Pronation

A

Palms down

41
Q

Supination

42
Q

Opposition

A

Fingers to thumbs

43
Q

Guidelines for ROM

A
  • Follow care plan carefully
  • Not allowed to exercise head or neck
  • begin at shoulders and work down
  • maintain privacy
  • support above and below joint
  • stop if painful or meet resistance
  • keep good alignment
  • exercise both sides
  • use communication

CNA (20 decks)

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