Unit 13

Question 0

CNS

Answer 0

Brain

Spinal Cord

Question 1

Two parts of Nervous system

Answer 1

Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Question 2

PNS

Answer 2

Nerves from spinal cord to rest of body

Question 3

3 parts of Brain

Answer 3

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brainstem

Question 4

Cerebrum

Answer 4

Thought process and intelligence

Two sides - right and left

Question 5

Cerebellum

Answer 5

Regulates movement

Controls balance

Question 6

Brainstem

Answer 6

Connects brain to spinal cord
Controls major body function: 
Breathing
Heart rate
Swallowing

Question 7

Spinal cord

Answer 7

Conducts messages between brain and body

Controls reflexes

Question 8

Brain and spinal cord protected by

Answer 8

Bones
Cerebrospinal fluid
Meninges

Question 9

Anatomical nervous system

Answer 9

Sympathetic - fight or flight

Parasympathetic - slows down

Question 10

Cerebrovascular Accident

Answer 10

Stroke
Blood supply to brain blocked
Ischemic stroke - clot or vessel blockage
Hemorrhagic Stroke - leaking of blood in brain

Question 11

S&S of CVA

Answer 11

Face drooping
Arms drooping
Slurred speech

Act fast!!

Question 12

Hemiparesis

Answer 12

Weakness on one side of body

Question 13

Hemiplegia

Answer 13

Paralysis on one side of body

Question 14

Expressive aphasia

Answer 14

Inability to express needs

Question 15

Receptive aphasia

Answer 15

Inability to understand others words

Question 16

Effects of CVA

Answer 16

One sided neglect 
Loss of ability to tell where affected parts are
Inappropriate emotional responses
Loss of bowel or bladder function
Dysphagia

Question 17

Parkinson’s

Answer 17

Progressive lack of dopamine in brain

• tremors
• rigid muscles
• shuffling gain

Question 18

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 18

Progressive loss of myelin 
Diagnosed in young adulthood
Unknown cause
Varying symptoms 
No cure

Question 19

Paraplegia

Answer 19

Paralysis in lower body and legs

Question 20

Quadriplegia

Answer 20

Paralysis in arms and legs

Question 21

Rehabilitation

Answer 21

Restore a person to highest level of functioning

Question 22

What effects rehab:

Answer 22

How soon it begins 
Pre-existing disease/injuries
Overall motivation
Facility
Staff, fam, friends
Rehab team attitude
Consistency in care plan

Question 23

Rehab team

Answer 23

Dr
Nursing staff: RN, LPN, CNA
Physical therapy
Social worker
Family
Resident

Question 24

Restorative care

Answer 24

Used to maintain function after rehab

Question 25

Complications of immobility

Answer 25

Decubitus ulcers Blood clots: thrombus, embolus Muscle atrophy Contractures

Question 26

Walking aids

Answer 26

Walkers Canes (goes on strong side) Crutches

Question 27

Orthotic devices

Answer 27

Applied externally to limbs to support, protect, improve function

Question 28

Positioning devices

Answer 28

``` Back pillows Foot boards Bed cradles Heel protectors Abduction wedges Trochanter hand rolls ```

Question 29

Range of motion

Answer 29

Puts joint through full range of motion - decrease/prevent Contractures - increase circulation - improve strength

Question 30

Active ROM

Answer 30

Done by res alone

Question 31

Active-assisted ROM

Answer 31

Done by res with help

Question 32

Passive ROM

Answer 32

Done by staff without res help

Question 33

Abduction

Answer 33

Move away from body

Question 34

Adduction

Answer 34

Move toward body

Question 35

Extension

Answer 35

Straighten limb

Question 36

Flexion

Answer 36

Bend limb

Question 37

Dorsiflexion

Answer 37

Pull backwards

Question 38

Plantarflexion

Answer 38

Push away

Question 39

Rotation

Answer 39

Rotate limb

Question 40

Pronation

Answer 40

Palms down

Question 41

Supination

Answer 41

Palms up

Question 42

Opposition

Answer 42

Fingers to thumbs

Question 43

Guidelines for ROM

Answer 43

- Follow care plan carefully - Not allowed to exercise head or neck - begin at shoulders and work down - maintain privacy - support above and below joint - stop if painful or meet resistance - keep good alignment - exercise both sides - use communication