Unit 11

Question 1

Vital Signs

Answer 1

temp
pulse
respirations
blood pressure
pain

Question 2

Reasons for taking vitals

Answer 2

signs of illness
potential health problems
response to treatment

Question 3

NEVER guess vitals

Answer 3

report abnormal vitals immediately

Question 4

Body temp

Answer 4

amount of heat body makes & loses

Question 5

factors affecting temp

Answer 5

age- elderly less able to prevent heat loss
exercise
circadian rhythm- lower temp in morning, higher in evening
stress
illness
environment

Question 6

Hypothermia

Answer 6

body temp below level needed for normal function

Question 7

Fever

Answer 7

increase in body temp  above normal range
cause- illness & infection
s/s-
fatigue
headache
chills
muscle aches
warm skin, flushed

Question 8

Oral temp

Answer 8

mouth
most common site
97.6-99.6

Question 9

Rectal temp

Answer 9

most accurate

98.6-100.6

Question 10

Axillary

Answer 10

armpit
least accurate
96.6-98.6

Question 11

Tympanic

Answer 11

ear

Question 12

Types of thermometer

Answer 12

glass (mercury-free)
digital
electronic
disposable
tympanic

Question 13

Red for rectum

Answer 13

Blue or green for Oral

Question 14

Don’t use oral temp if

Answer 14

unconscious
using oxygen
confused
seizure
injury to face
nasogastric tube
younger than 6

Question 15

wait 10-20 minutes if

Answer 15

eating or drinking
smoking
chewing gum
exercising

Question 16

Pulse

Answer 16

wave of blood through artery
60-100bpm
Radial most common

Question 17

Tachycardia

Answer 17

fast pulse

Question 18

Bradycardia

Answer 18

slow pulse

Question 19

Pulse affected by

Answer 19

age
sex
exercise
stress
hemorrhage
medication
fever & illness

Question 20

Pulse sites

Answer 20

Temporal (temple)
Carotid (neck)
Apical (heart)
Brachial (inside elbow)
Radial (wrist)
Femoral (groin)
Popliteal (behind knee)
Pedal (top of foot)

Question 21

observe pulse for

Answer 21

rate
pattern-regular or irregular
quality-weak or strong

Question 22

Respirations

Answer 22

12-20/min
observe- 
rate
pattern
quality (difficulty, noise, deep or shallow)

Question 23

Apnea

Answer 23

not breathing

Question 24

Dyspnea

Answer 24

difficulty breathing

Question 25

Eupnea

Answer 25

normal breathing

Question 26

Orthopnea

Answer 26

SOB when laying down | relieved by sitting up

Question 27

Tachypnea

Answer 27

rapid breathing

Question 28

Cheyne-Stokes

Answer 28

irregular breathing | periods of apnea then shallow breath

Question 29

Apical Radial Pulse

Answer 29

taken to compare pulses | normal should be equal

Question 30

Blood Pressure

Answer 30

measure of force of blood against walls of arteries systolic- top # diastolic- bottom #

Question 31

hypertension

Answer 31

high bp

Question 32

hypotension

Answer 32

low bp

Question 33

Orthostatic Hypotension

Answer 33

drop in bp when changing positions

Question 34

factors affecting bp

Answer 34

``` age exercise stress race heredity obesity alcohol/tobacco time of day illness ```

Question 35

equipment needed for bp

Answer 35

stethoscope | sphygmomanometer

Question 36

Don't use arm if

Answer 36

``` IV amputation cast burns or injuries dialysis paralyzed due to stroke mastectomy ```

Question 37

Normal BP

Answer 37

100-119/60-79

Question 38

Low

Answer 38

below 100/60

Question 39

Prehypertensive

Answer 39

120-139/80-89

Question 40

High

Answer 40

140/90 or above