Unit 7 Vocab Part 2

Question 1

“Return to Normalcy”

Answer 1

campaign theme of Warren Harding during 1920 election, conservative mood like the Progressive era/Wilson’s fight over LON

Question 2

Sacco and Vanzetti

Answer 2

convicted of killing guard/paymaster during robbery of Slater/Morrill Shoe Company
executed by electric chair in prison, discrimination of immigrants

Question 3

The “Red Scare”

Answer 3

• focused on worker (socialist) revolution/political radicalism
• postwar labor strikes confused/frightened US

Question 4

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

Answer 4

Hoover signed, raised tariffs on goods

-hurt farmers + fueled global depression spread

Question 5

America First Committee

Answer 5

spare American lives, protect from war, Charles Lindbergh= most effective speaker

Question 6

Causes of Great Depression

Answer 6

drive stock prices high, high tariffs, war debt, stock crash, overproduction, unequal wealth dis., etc.

Question 7

Bonus Army

Answer 7

WW1 veterans, depression victims, tried to intimidate Con. into paying BUT Hoover had them removed, shed bad light on Hoover

Question 8

Reconstruction Finance Corp.

Answer 8

financial support to state/local governments

Question 9

New Deal

Answer 9

FDR, three basic goals: relief, reform, recovery

- Banking Holiday, gold standard gone ($ bills), FDIC (deposit protection)

Question 10

The “First 100 Days”

Answer 10

bills tried to fix bank system + restore public faith

Question 11

Keynesian economics

Answer 11

theories about how in short run, esp recessions, output is strongly influenced by total spending in economy

Question 12

1935 Wagner Labor Relations Act

Answer 12

defined unfair labor practices and protected unions against coercive measures

Question 13

Fair Labor Standard Act

Answer 13

part of New Deal, set min. wage, max hours, and ended child labor

Question 14

Social Security Act

Answer 14

provided insurance for elderly Americans

Question 15

National Industrial Recovery Act

Answer 15

let Pres regulate an industry after deflation in order to stimulate economic recovery

Question 16

“court-packing” proposal

Answer 16

Roosevelt’s proposal, extra judge in SC for everyone over 70

-thought some were out of touch w nation needs

Question 17

Bank Holiday

Answer 17

New Deal, closed banks for 2 days, could reopen on 3rd if sound and no debt

Question 18

Critics of New Deal

Answer 18

• conservatives called it socialism + some formed American Liberty League
• socialists thought FDR neglected the “forgotten man”
• LA Sen. Huey Long= critique + socialist

Question 19

Works Progress Admin.

Answer 19

public proj. that included “nontraditional” workers like artists + writers

Question 20

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Answer 20

sought to raise crop value by paying farmers to limit production

Question 21

Margaret Sanger

Answer 21

championed birth control for women, organiz. she est. evolved into Planned Parenthood

Question 22

Congress of Industrial Org.

Answer 22

organized workers in industrial unions in US + Canada

Question 23

“fireside chats”

Answer 23

series of 30 evening radio addresses given by FDR, directly comm. w/ citizens

Question 24

United Auto Workers

Answer 24

sit downs were when workers remained in workplace but ref. to work until settlement was made
- wanted better pay (usu.), Michigan, car comp.

Question 25

American Liberty League

Answer 25

opposed New Deal, consisted of elites/political figures

Question 26

Indian Reorganization Act

Answer 26

return of reservation lands, preservation of tribal culture, repealed Dawes Act

Question 27

1921 Washington Conference

Answer 27

attempt to prevent naval arms race bet. US, Britain and Japan

Question 28

“black separatism” (Universal Negro Improvement Assoc.)

Answer 28

Marcus Garvey championed UNIA, “black separatism” (sep. instit. for people of African descent), didn’t see racism ever ending so sep. on their own

Question 29

Anti-Imperialist League

Answer 29

battled against American colonization of Philippines, included Mark Twain/Andrew Carnegie