Unit 7 Vocab Part 2 Flashcards
“Return to Normalcy”
campaign theme of Warren Harding during 1920 election, conservative mood like the Progressive era/Wilson’s fight over LON
Sacco and Vanzetti
convicted of killing guard/paymaster during robbery of Slater/Morrill Shoe Company
executed by electric chair in prison, discrimination of immigrants
The “Red Scare”
- focused on worker (socialist) revolution/political radicalism
- postwar labor strikes confused/frightened US
Hawley-Smoot Tariff
Hoover signed, raised tariffs on goods
-hurt farmers + fueled global depression spread
America First Committee
spare American lives, protect from war, Charles Lindbergh= most effective speaker
Causes of Great Depression
drive stock prices high, high tariffs, war debt, stock crash, overproduction, unequal wealth dis., etc.
Bonus Army
WW1 veterans, depression victims, tried to intimidate Con. into paying BUT Hoover had them removed, shed bad light on Hoover
Reconstruction Finance Corp.
financial support to state/local governments
New Deal
FDR, three basic goals: relief, reform, recovery
- Banking Holiday, gold standard gone ($ bills), FDIC (deposit protection)
The “First 100 Days”
bills tried to fix bank system + restore public faith
Keynesian economics
theories about how in short run, esp recessions, output is strongly influenced by total spending in economy
1935 Wagner Labor Relations Act
defined unfair labor practices and protected unions against coercive measures
Fair Labor Standard Act
part of New Deal, set min. wage, max hours, and ended child labor
Social Security Act
provided insurance for elderly Americans
National Industrial Recovery Act
let Pres regulate an industry after deflation in order to stimulate economic recovery
“court-packing” proposal
Roosevelt’s proposal, extra judge in SC for everyone over 70
-thought some were out of touch w nation needs
Bank Holiday
New Deal, closed banks for 2 days, could reopen on 3rd if sound and no debt
Critics of New Deal
- conservatives called it socialism + some formed American Liberty League
- socialists thought FDR neglected the “forgotten man”
- LA Sen. Huey Long= critique + socialist
Works Progress Admin.
public proj. that included “nontraditional” workers like artists + writers
Agricultural Adjustment Act
sought to raise crop value by paying farmers to limit production
Margaret Sanger
championed birth control for women, organiz. she est. evolved into Planned Parenthood
Congress of Industrial Org.
organized workers in industrial unions in US + Canada
“fireside chats”
series of 30 evening radio addresses given by FDR, directly comm. w/ citizens
United Auto Workers
sit downs were when workers remained in workplace but ref. to work until settlement was made
- wanted better pay (usu.), Michigan, car comp.
American Liberty League
opposed New Deal, consisted of elites/political figures
Indian Reorganization Act
return of reservation lands, preservation of tribal culture, repealed Dawes Act
1921 Washington Conference
attempt to prevent naval arms race bet. US, Britain and Japan
“black separatism” (Universal Negro Improvement Assoc.)
Marcus Garvey championed UNIA, “black separatism” (sep. instit. for people of African descent), didn’t see racism ever ending so sep. on their own
Anti-Imperialist League
battled against American colonization of Philippines, included Mark Twain/Andrew Carnegie
