Unit 4 Vocab Flashcards
“Cult of Domesticity”
Women= stay at home and no work outside of home
2nd Great Awakening
Religious movement which led to reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society.
Whig Party
Formed against Andrew Jackson. Liked bank of US, liked high tariffs and they wanted social reform.
Samuel Slater
“Father of American Industrial Revolution”
Force Bill
Authorized Jackson to use the army and navy to collect duties on the tariffs.
Commonwealth v. Hunt
Established that labor unions were legal
Neal Dow (Maine Law)
Mayor of Portland, ME and sponsored the Maine Law, also known as “Father of Prohibition”
Charles River Bridge case
Demonstrated that a contract could be broken to benefit general welfare
Alexis de Tocqueville
French, his book discusses the advantage of democracy and consequences of the majority’s unlimited power
Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
Treaty between US and UK, agreed neither country would try to get rights to a canal across the Isthmus of Panama
The “gag rule”
Prohibited all discussion of slavery in the House of Representatives
Webster-Ashburton Treaty
Banned slave trade on the ocean and resolved border issues between the US and the British North American colonies
Aroostook War
Boundary dispute between the US and Canada
Rush-Bagot treaty
Demilitarization of the Great Lakes and Lake Champlain
Perfectionism
Americans believed perfection could be achieved so they did movements to make America perfect (ex. prison reform and temperance)
Prigg v. Pennsylvania
Ruled that states don’t have to enforce the return of fugitive slaves
Era of Good Feeling
Name of president Monroe’s two terms:
period of strong nationalism, economic growth, etc.
Jacksonian Democracy
The idea of spreading political power to the people, ensuring majority rule, "common man" #spoilssystem #democrat #commonman #executivepower
Henry Clay
Supporter of the American System, senator from KY , a war hawk, known as the “Great Compromiser”
“nullification crisis”
Declared federal tariffs were unconstitutional which made them “null and void” to SC
John C. Calhoun
VP under Andrew Jackson; he was an advocate of free trade, states’ rights, limited gov., and nullification
Erie Canal
Connected the Hudson River and the Great Lakes (1825)
National Road
First national road building project funded by Congress
Maysville Road veto
Bill that was vetoed because Jackson because he disliked Clay
Monroe Doctrine
Europe shouldn’t interfere in affairs within the US or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere
Noah Webster
Most famous for his dictionary that standardized the US lang. in the US and the “Schoolmaster of the Republic.”
Nat Turner
Led the most famous slave revolt in US history
Transcendentalism
Like to live a simple life and find nature
“pet banks”
State banks where Andrew Jackson put deposits to avoid the national banks
The Bank War
Jackson wanted to destroy the second bank in the US
Spoils System
Allowed men to buy their way into presidential office
Hayne-Webster debate
Argument between Daniel Webster and Robert Hayne about states’ right versus national power
Eli Whitney
Made the cotton gin
Cotton gin
Removed seeds from the cotton
Mormons (migration)
They were persecuted and migrated to western states
Horace Mann
Developed public schools
Seneca Falls Convention
Launched the women suffrage movement
Dorothea Dix
Spoke against inhumane treatment of insane prisoners
Lowell, MA
Factory town (Lowell Girls)
Texas Revolution
War between Texas settlers who tried to crush the Texas revolt
James K. Polk
President who was an opponent of manifest destiny, democrat
Bear Flag Revolt
American settlers in CA vs Mexicans, made CA a state
Mexican Cession
Historical name for the region of the Southwestern US that was ceded to the US by Mexico
Gadsden Purchase
The land the US bought create AZ and NM and was wanted to build a railroad
Missouri Compromise
Missouri= slave state Maine= free state
Indian Removal Act
Let Andrew Jackson negotiate land-exchange treaties w/ tribes living east of Miss.
American System
Policy of promoting industry in the US by adoption of a high protective tariff and developing internal improvements (a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals)
Specie Circular
Meant to stop land speculation caused by states printing paper money w/o proper specie (silver and gold)
Manifest Destiny
Many Americans felt that the US should expand from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean and thought they had a god-given right to the land
Nativism
Favoring natives rather than immigrants
Know-Nothing Party
Objection was to extend period of nationalization and keep illegal aliens out of the country
