Unit 1 Vocab

Question 1

Headright system

Answer 1

Originally created in 1618 in Jamestown, VA. It was used to attract new settlers to the area and address the labor shortage. They were given 50 acres of land and they were known as indentured servants.

Question 2

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 2

Armed rebellion in 1676 by Virginia settlers led by Nathaniel Bacon against the rule of Governor William Berkeley.

Question 3

Mercantilism

Answer 3

Economic theory and practice that was dominant in Europe from the 16th to 18th century. States that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances

Question 4

Salutary neglect

Answer 4

Britain’s an official policy, initiated by the minister Robert Walpole. Relaxes the enforcement of strict regulations such as trade laws.

Question 5

Puritans

Answer 5

Group of English reformed Protestants who wanted to purify the Church of England from all Roman Catholic practices.

Question 6

Half-way covenant

Answer 6

Form of partial church membership created by New England. It was promoted by the Reverend Solomon Stoddard who thought that the people of English colonies were drifting from their religious purposes.

Question 7

Mayflower Compact

Answer 7

Signed by 41 colonists on the Mayflower ship. The first written framework of government established in what is now the US.

Question 8

1st Great Awakening

Answer 8

Movement that swept Protestant Europe and British colonies and left an impact on Protestantism. Resulted from a preaching and made Christianity personal.

Question 9

Colombian Exchange

Answer 9

Period of exchanges between the New and Old World. Included plants, animals, diseases, technology that transformed the life for Europeans and Native Americans

Question 10

Anne Hutchinson

Answer 10

Helped with the development of religious freedoms and was a huge impact on the Antinomian controversy.

Question 11

Enlightenment

Answer 11

Dominated the world of ideas in Europe. The goal of enlightenment thinkers were liberty, progress, reason, tolerance, fraternity and ending the abuses of the church/state.

Question 12

Roger Williams

Answer 12

Early advocate of religious freedom and separation of church and state. Expelled by puritan leaders because they thought he was spreading dangerous ideas.

Question 13

Navigation Acts

Answer 13

Series of laws that restricted the use of foreign ships for every country except Britain.

Question 14

John Winthrop

Answer 14

Lead the first large wave of immigrants from England.

Question 15

Peter Zenger Trials

Answer 15

Zenger voiced his opinions on William Cosby while writing for the “NY Weekly Journal”. He was charged with libel but lawyers successfully argued that truth is a defense against libel.

Question 16

John Smith

Answer 16

Admiral of New England and was en explorer, soldier and author. Important in the establishment of Jamestown

Question 17

Quakers

Answer 17

Members of a group of religious Christian movements. Mainly Christianity.

Question 18

Freedom of conscience

Answer 18

Right to follow one’s own beliefs in the matters of religious and morality.

Question 19

Toleration Act

Answer 19

Act passed that guaranteed toleration to all Christians, regardless of sect but not to those who didn’t believe in Jesus. Led to first amendment which granted religious freedom to all.

Question 20

Starving time

Answer 20

One winter when three quarters of the English colonists in VA died of starvation or starvation related diseases

Question 21

Triangular Trade

Answer 21

Trade among three parts or regions.

Question 22

Virginia Company

Answer 22

Joint stock company chartered by James I with the purpose of establishing settlements

Question 23

Proprietary colony

Answer 23

Type of British colony mostly in NA and the Carribean. In Britain, all land belonged to the king and he was able to divide it

Question 24

Great Migration

Answer 24

Movement of 6M blacks out of the rural southern US to the urban Northwest, Midwest and West.

Question 25

The New England Way

Answer 25

Refers to the policy, relation to civil powers and general practices of the MBC churches

Question 26

Restoration colonies

Answer 26

One of the number of land grants in NA given by King Charles II of England

Question 27

Pequot War

Answer 27

Armed conflict between the Pequot tribe and an alliance of the English colonists of the Mass. bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies and their Native American alliances

Question 28

Fundamental Orders

Answer 28

Adopted by the Connecticut colony council. Describe the gov set up by the Conn. Rivers towns, setting its structure and powers

Question 29

Joint stock company

Answer 29

Business entity where diff. stocks can be bought and owned by shareholders.

Question 30

King Philip’s War

Answer 30

Armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day New England, English colonists and their Native American alliances.