Unit 6 Vocab pt 1 Flashcards
American Federation of Labor
founder= Samuel Gompers, alliance of skilled workers, focused on “bread and butter” issues
Gospel of Wealth
article written by Andrew Carnegie, described the responsibility of philanthropy
Social Darwinism
Rich were rich and poor were poor due to natural selection in society
Horizontal integration
elimination of competitors
Vertical integration
gaining control of production and distribution process
Samuel Gompers
started AFL= American Federation of Labor in 1886
Eugene V. Debs
led the Pullman strike
Pullman Strike
Nationwide railroad strike where Pullman cars were stopped to demand higher wages
“robber barons”
business owners who make profit by paying employees low wages
Atlanta Compromise
Speech made by Booker T. Washington, outlined philosophy that blacks should focus on economic gains
Horatio Alger
wrote many books in which virtue, honesty and, industry were rewarded with success, wealth, and honor
Plessy v. Ferguson
Case which the Jim Crow laws were upheld, “separate but equal”
Farmers Alliance
Farmer organizations that wanted to get rid of debt, poverty and low crop prices by educating and mobilizing men and women
The Grangers
Organized by Oliver H. Kelley, wanted to break hold of RR owners and middlemen
Jim Crow laws
Written to separate blacks and whites in public areas
“Boss” Tweed (William Tweed)
lead of Tammany Hall, he stole up to 200m from the general public in 6 years and ended up in jail
Frederick Olmstead
designed many public parks such as Central Park in New York
Robert La Follette
Governor, enacted many of the public reforms including nom. of candidates by direct vote/ regulation of RR rates
McKinley Tariff
Raised tariffs to a high level, big business liked them bc they protected US businesses from foreign comp.
“bread and butter unionism”
Unions should focus on improving working conditions and pay for skilled workers
used by AFL
National Labor Union
1st attempt to organize all workers in all states (skilled and unskilled)
“new immigrants”
1880s, immigrant wave from southern and eastern Europe
Populist Party
former Grangers, Omaha Platform (1892)
end bc of Dem. support, Bryan’s loss and improving farm prices
Booker T. Washington
former slave, promoted education and economic opportunity for blacks
