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8th Grade Social Studies > Unit 7,8 & 9: The Age of Jackson and Reform Movements > Flashcards

Unit 7,8 & 9: The Age of Jackson and Reform Movements Flashcards

1
Q

What led to the start of the American Industrial Revolution?

A

When Richard Arkwright the Water Frame in Britain, helped a lot. His apprentice, Slater went to the US to NYC, memorizing the maps and ideas for the designs. He introduced them to America, which didn’t make them interested in the revolution. But, due to the war of 1812, that convinced America to create weapons, starting the Industrial Revolution.

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2
Q

What were the effects of the American Industrial Revolution?

A

Led to the introduction into transport, more population and transition of using technology instead of doing things by hand.

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3
Q

What were the push-pull factors for Irish and German immigrants to the US?

A

Push for Irish- Potato Famine
Push for German- Failed Revolution
Pull for Irish and German- Job Opportunites and better life

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4
Q

How did the arrival of Irish and German immigrants into the US impact the nation?

A

It allowed US to become a more diverse country and nativists to rise, forming the Know-Nothing Party.

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5
Q

How did the developments in transportation impact the US?

A

It allowed trading to happen, giving US a lot of trading countries, making it more powerful country than it actually is.

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6
Q

What is the significance of the 2nd Great Awakening?

A

Showed the idea of Free Will and changed the idea of predestination. It encouraged people to actually do something. Finney led this movement.

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7
Q

How did Chief Justice John Marshall strengthen the federal government through his rulings?

A

Established Judicial Review, giving power to the Supreme Court in the cause of Marbury v. Madison.

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8
Q

What is the importance of Jacksonian Democracy?

A

Gave all white males an opportunity to vote which was a step closer to a democratic society.

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9
Q

How did the TN Constitution of 1834 change voting rights in the state?

A

Took away free African-African males’ rights to vote. Expanded Voting Rights to white male non-property owners. Created State Supreme Court.

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10
Q

What were President Jackson’s Actions regarding the National Bank and Nullification Crisis?

A

Jackson argued to close and seize the National Bank which it did and Jackson forced SC not to secede by sending troops which SC wanted to secede. They backed down.

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11
Q

What was the impact of the Indian Removal Act?

A

Wiped out a lot of tribes (Cherokee) during the march and also was a catalyst for problems in the future.

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12
Q

Who were some of the major advocates for the women’s suffrage movement?

A

Susan B. Anthony, Elizbeth Cady Stanton, Sojourner Truth and Lucretia Mott

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13
Q

What is the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention?

A

Began women’s rights movement, allowing the attention of women’s rights to begin to change and begin to protest.

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14
Q

Who were some of the leading abolitionists and what methods did they use to spread the movement?

A

William Lloyd Garrison wrote a newspaper called “The Liberator” to spread awareness of Slavery. Tubman- created an underground railroad and helped other slaves escape.

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15
Q

What are Interchangeable parts?

A

Created by Eli Witney, were identical for parts for replacements of some parts.

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16
Q

What are the Lowell Mills/Textile Mills?

A

Mills constructed by Lowell, introduced the Lowell System for young women to work during the Industrial Revolution

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17
Q

What are Trade Unions?

A

an organized association of workers in a trade, group of trades, or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests; a labor union.

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18
Q

What is Urbanization?

A

Growth of cities due to the movement of people from rural areas to cities.

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19
Q

What are steamboats?

A

Created by Fulton during the Industrial Revolution, allowing an introduction to transport.

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20
Q

What is the Erie Canal?

A

The American System, allowed NYC to become a trade center, and introduction to transport. Created during the Industrial Revolution. Lake Erie.

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21
Q

What is the National Road?

A

The American System, introduction to transport. Created during the Industrial Revolution.

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22
Q

What are Push and Pull Factors?

A

Push- Something that makes someone wants to leave the country. Pull- something that makes someone want to go into another country.

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23
Q

What is Nativisim?

A

the policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants.

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24
Q

What are Revivals/Camp meetings?

A

Creation of camps and would have a church revival, Finney and others preached about during the 2nd Great Awakening.

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25
Q

What is a Corrupt Bargain?

A

During the 1824 election, Quincy Adams bargained with Clay to make the Electrical College vote for him as president. Jackson found out and this became known as the Corrupt Bargain.

26
Q

What is the Spoils System?

A

Practice of Rewarding Government jobs to loyal supporters of the party who wins the election.

27
Q

What is the Jacksonian Democracy?

A

Spread of voting and spread of more democratic ideas. All white males were allowed to vote.

28
Q

What is Disenfranchisement?

A

Removing voting rights.

29
Q

Describe the Indian Removal Act, 1830.

A

Gave Jackson the authority to send Natives west of Mississippi in exchange for lands in the East. Provided him Money for laws to be carried out.

30
Q

Define Common Man.

A

Commoner in a lacking class.

31
Q

Define the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments.

A

Spinoff of Declaration of Independence. Stating women should have equal rights as men.

32
Q

Define Women’s Suffrage Movement.

A

It was a movement conducted by variety of women to protect for women to have similar rights as men and be able to vote!

33
Q

Define the Abolitionist movement.

A

The movement contributed by several figures to end slavery, leading to the civil war.

34
Q

Who is Eli Witney?

A

Invented Cotton Gin and Interchangeable Parts

35
Q

Who is Slater?

A

Apprentice of Arkwright, migrated to NYC, spreading ideas for the start of the Industrial Revolution. No one listened at first but a war of 1812 caused them to make guns, starting the revolution.

36
Q

Who is Fulton?

A

Invented 1st steamboat named Clermont.

37
Q

Who is Finney?

A

Leader of 2nd Great Awakening.

38
Q

Who is John Marshall?

A

Was in Supreme Court to establish Judicial Review in the case of Marbury V. Madison.

39
Q

Who is Andrew Jackson?

A

President (7), created Jacksonian democracy, closed National Bank and threatened SC to secede.

40
Q

Who is John Quincy Adams?

A

6th president, during election of 1824, he did corrupt bargain

41
Q

Who is Henry Clay?

A

Involved in Corrupt Bargain in the election of 1824.

42
Q

Who is John C. Calhoun?

A

Argued that states should have the right to nullify the government during the tariff situation.

43
Q

Who is Nat Turner?

A

Slave who overtly rebelled against slavery.

44
Q

Who is Elizabeth Cady Stanton?

A

Organized the Seneca Falls Convention of Women’s Rights.

45
Q

Who is Susan B. Anthony?

A

Played a big role in Women’s Suffrage movement.

46
Q

Who is Sojourner Truth?

A

Played a big role in Women’s Suffrage movement and abolitionist movement.

47
Q

Who is Elihu Embree?

A

From TN, owned slaves and released his slaves after realizing how bad it was and became a leader for TN during the Abolitionist movement. Published Manumission Intelligencer.

48
Q

Who is William Llyod Garrison?

A

Created Liberator to spread awareness of slavery around America.

49
Q

Who is Fredrick Douglas?

A

Played a role in Abolitionist movement, former slave, wrote North Star

50
Q

Who is Harriet Tubman?

A

Played a role in the Abolitionist movement, former slave and created Underground Railroad. Did Altrusim.

51
Q

Describe the American Revolution.

A

Began in Great Britain and then spread to the US, allowing to change the tech instead of hands. The population grew and the introduction to transport.

52
Q

Describe the Second Great Awakening.

A

Gave people the change of thought to believe in free will and actually do something instead of believing in predestination. Finney led this.

53
Q

Describe the McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) case.

A

Gave Congress implies powers to do things that may not be directly stated in the constitution if they are necessary and proper.

54
Q

Describe the Gibbons V. Ogden (1824) case.

A

Stated that states can’t interfere with Congress with Interstate Commerce.

55
Q

Describe Nat Turner’s Revolt.

A

Revolted against slavery overtly. Killed 60 white slave owners. His revolt caused the TN constitution of 184, for African-Americans rights to be stripped.

56
Q

Describe Jackson’s attack on the 2nd bank of US

A

Debate between Clay and Jackson. Jackson wanted to shut it down but Clay didn’t. It got shut down.

57
Q

Describe the Nullification Crisis.

A

When the tariff was issued, SC decided that they didn’t like it so they threatened the government that they would secede. Jackson sent troops and they backed down.

58
Q

Describe the Worcester v. Georgia (1832) case.

A

Declared the GA’s laws can have no force in Cherokee territory.

59
Q

Describe the Trail of Tears.

A

Forced march of Cherokee nation into an Indian Reservation (Oklahoma). Of 15,000, 4,000 died.

60
Q

Describe the TN Constituion of 1834.

A

Expanded Voting rights to White male Non-property owners, created state Supreme Court and disenfranchised free African-American Males.

61
Q

Describe the Seneca Falls Convention.

A

1st meeting of Women’s rights that drew an audience of over 300 males and females. Cady Stanton created this meeting!

8th Grade Social Studies (16 decks)

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