Unit 0.5: Jamestown, Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony Flashcards
King James l
King of England during colonial times. Jamestown and James River were named after him. He issued the First Virginia Charter to the Virginia Company assigning land rights to the colonists to settle in Jamestown for the stated purpose of spreading Christianity.
John Smith
Because many settlers refused to work, John Smith came and became the leader to motivate them to work. He also coined the phrase, “He who works not, eats not.” Raided local native tribes. Angered Powhatan, who is the local chief. So much of our knowledge of Jamestown comes from his books.
Pocahontas
Daughter of Powhatan who allied with John Smith to promote peace between the Powhatan Tribe and the English. Later married John Rolfe.
John Rolfe
He came in the spring after the Starving Time and introduced tobacco which began to make the colony money. Later married Pocahontas.
Pilgrims (Separatists)
Around when Jamestown was founded, a group of people wanted to separate from the Church of England. They were known as the Pilgrims (separatists). They signed the Mayflower Compact and rode the Mayflower to the New World. Settled in Plymouth.
William Bradford
First governor of Plymouth Colony.
Squanto
He was captured by William Hunt and taken to England. He came back to his homeland and taught the Pilgrims how to fish and farm.
Puritans (Non-separatists)
Puritans began to have disagreements with the Church of England. 900 Puritans left for the New World to freely worship, however, they didn’t tolerate other religions. They were led by John Winthrop and founded Massachusetts Bay Colony. The Puritans remained in the Church of England but sought to “Purify” the church.
John Winthrop
Leader of Puritans. He envisioned his colony as a city upon a hill. He wanted his colony to be the role model for everyone.
Roger Williams
Disagreed with the treatment of Native Americans, so he founded his own colony in Providence, RI.
Anne Hutchinson
Held secret town meetings and was against predestination. Women at the time weren’t allowed to hold town meetings and anyone against Puritan teachings was punished. She was expelled from the colony and formed a new one in Rhode Island.
Thomas Hooker
Disagreed with Puritan teachings. Believed in the separation of church and government. (Against Theocracy) Formed the colony of Conneticut.
Colony
Group of people going to a place or an extension of a country in another part of the world.
Joint-Stock Company
A group of investors who pool in their money as group in hopes to make more money.
Charter
A document issued by the government or monarch grants specific rights to a person or company.
Indentured Servants
Form of labor where a peasant from Europe gets a choice to work for 5-7 years in the New World for no wage, but someone else pays for their transport here.
