Unit 7 Flashcards
afloat
hết nợ
adj. having enough money to pay what you owe
————
1
floating in water; not sinking.
they trod water to keep afloat
2
out of debt or difficulty.
I contrived to stay afloat in honest self-employment
characteristic
đặc tính
n. feature; quality
—————-
Adjective
1
typical of a particular person, place, or thing.
large farms are characteristic of this area
Noun
1
a feature or quality belonging typically to a person, place, or thing and serving to identify it.
inherited characteristics such as blood groups
compete
Verb
1
strive to gain or win something by defeating or establishing superiority over others who are trying to do the same.
universities are competing for applicants
edge
một lợi thế
n. an advantage
——-
Noun
1
the outside limit of an object, area, or surface; a place or part farthest away from the center of something.
a willow tree at the water’s edge
2
the sharpened side of the blade of a cutting implement or weapon.
a knife with a razor-sharp edge
3
a quality or factor that gives superiority over close rivals or competitors.
the veal had the edge on flavor
Verb
1
provide with a border or edge.
the pool is edged with paving
2
move gradually, carefully, or furtively in a particular direction.
she tried to edge away from him
financial
Adjective
1
relating to finance.
an independent financial adviser
inevitably
tất yếu
adv. certain; to be expected
————-
Adverb
1
as is certain to happen; unavoidably.
inevitably some details are already out of date
initial
Adjective
1
existing or occurring at the beginning.
our initial impression was favorable
Noun
1
the first letter of a name or word, typically a person’s name or a word forming part of a phrase.
they carved their initials into the tree trunk
Verb
1
mark or sign (a document) with one’s initials in order to authorize or validate it.
the man initaled the three warrants
motivation
Noun
1
the reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way.
escape can be a strong motivation for travel
niche
thích hợp
n. position or place that is very suitable
——–
Noun
1
a comfortable or suitable position in life or employment.
he is now a partner at a leading law firm and feels he has found his niche
Adjective
1
denoting products, services, or interests that appeal to a small, specialized section of the population.
other companies in this space had to adapt to being niche players
Verb
1
place (something) in a niche or recess.
these elements were niched within the shadowy reaches
particular
Adjective
1
used to single out an individual member of a specified group or class.
the action seems to discriminate against a particular group of companies
2
especially great or intense.
when handling or checking cash the cashier should exercise particular care
personalized
cá nhân hóa
Adjective
1
designed or produced to meet someone’s individual requirements.
a steward will deliver personalized service to every passenger
3
(especially of a deity or spirit) personified.
religious and magical systems involve personalized gods, spirits, or demons
potential
Adjective
1
having or showing the capacity to become or develop into something in the future.
a two-pronged campaign to woo potential customers
Noun
1
latent qualities or abilities that may be developed and lead to future success or usefulness.
a young broadcaster with great potential
product
Noun
1
an article or substance that is manufactured or refined for sale.
food products
2
a thing or person that is the result of an action or process.
his daughter, the product of his first marriage
profit
Noun
1
a financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
pretax profits
Verb
1
obtain a financial advantage or benefit, especially from an investment.
the only people to profit from the entire episode were the lawyers
project
Noun
1
an individual or collaborative enterprise that is carefully planned to achieve a particular aim.
a research project
Verb
1
estimate or forecast (something) on the basis of present trends or data.
spending was projected at $72 million
2
extend outward beyond something else; protrude.
I noticed a slip of paper projecting from the book
reputation
Noun
1
the beliefs or opinions that are generally held about someone or something.
his reputation was tarnished by allegations that he had taken bribes
sound
adj. healthy; without financial risk
a sound business plan
kế hoạch kinh doanh hợp lý
Noun
1
vibrations that travel through the air or another medium and can be heard when they reach a person’s or animal’s ear.
light travels faster than sound
Verb
1
emit or cause to emit sound.
a loud buzzer sounded
Adjective
1
in good condition; not damaged, injured, or diseased.
they returned safe and sound
tip
Noun
1
the pointed or rounded end or extremity of something slender or tapering.
George pressed the tips of his fingers together
3
a sum of money given to someone as a reward for their services.
he never leaves a tip
Verb
1
attach to or cover the end or extremity of.
the peaks of the mountains were tipped with snow
unique
Adjective
1
being the only one of its kind; unlike anything else.
original and unique designs
vital
thiết yếu
adj. very important; necessary for success
—————–
Adjective
1
absolutely necessary or important; essential.
secrecy is of vital importance
2
full of energy; lively.
a beautiful, vital girl
Noun
1
the body’s important internal organs, especially the gut or the genitalia.
he felt the familiar knot contract in his vitals
bond
Noun
1
a relationship between people or groups based on shared feelings, interests, or experiences.
there was a bond of understanding between them
2
a connection between two surfaces or objects that have been joined together, especially by means of an adhesive substance, heat, or pressure.
there was no effective bond between the concrete and the steel
Verb
1
join or be joined securely to something else, especially by means of an adhesive substance, heat, or pressure.
press the material to bond the layers together
brand
Noun
1
a type of product manufactured by a particular company under a particular name.
a new brand of detergent
2
an identifying mark burned on livestock or (formerly) criminals or slaves with a branding iron.
the brand on a sheep identifies it as mine
Verb
1
mark with a branding iron.
the seller had branded the animal with his grandfather’s name
burgeon
sự phát triển
adj. growing
———-
Verb
1
begin to grow or increase rapidly; flourish.
the city’s suburbs have burgeoned, sprawling out from the center
conglomerate
tập đoàn
n., large company that owns smaller companies
————
Noun
1
a number of different things or parts that are put or grouped together to form a whole but remain distinct entities.
the Earth is a specialized conglomerate of organisms
Adjective
1
relating to a conglomerate, especially a large corporation.
conglomerate businesses
Verb
1
gather together into a compact mass.
atoms that conglomerate at the center
consistently
Adverb
1
in every case or on every occasion; invariably.
the vehicle consistently outperforms some of the best competitors
2
in a fair and impartial way.
students have to be treated consistently by all staff members
convince
thuyết phục
v. to get somebody to do or believe something
———-
Verb
1
cause (someone) to believe firmly in the truth of something.
Robert’s expression had obviously convinced her of his innocence
endorsement
sự chứng thực
n. public support for something
————
Noun
1
an act of giving one’s public approval or support to someone or something.
the issue of full independence received overwhelming endorsement
fleeting
thoáng qua
adj. brief; ending quickly
——————
Adjective
1
lasting for a very short time.
hoping to get a fleeting glimpse of a whale underwater
ignore
Verb
1
refuse to take notice of or acknowledge; disregard intentionally.
he ignored her outraged question
loyalty
Noun
1
the quality of being loyal.
her loyalty to her husband of 34 years
outperform
vượt trội
v. perform better than
————-
Verb
1
perform better than.
an experienced employee will outperform the novice
passion
Noun
1
strong and barely controllable emotion.
a man of impetuous passion
2
the suffering and death of Jesus.
meditations on the Passion of Christ
phenomenon
hiện tượng
n. something unusual that happens, a fact
————-
Noun
1
a fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen, especially one whose cause or explanation is in question.
glaciers are unique and interesting natural phenomena
2
a remarkable person, thing, or event.
the band was a pop phenomenon just for their sales figures alone
prevail
Chiếm ưu thế
v. to be common among certain groups; be stronger
———————–
Verb
1
prove more powerful than opposing forces; be victorious.
it is hard for logic to prevail over emotion
promote
khuyến khích/ thăng chức
Verb
1
further the progress of (something, especially a cause, venture, or aim); support or actively encourage.
some regulation is still required to promote competition
2
advance or raise (someone) to a higher position or rank.
she was promoted to General Manager
reverse
Verb
1
move backward.
the truck reversed into the back of a bus
Adjective
1
going in or turned toward the direction opposite to that previously stated.
the trend appears to be going in the reverse direction
Noun
1
a complete change of direction or action.
the growth actuates a reverse of photosynthesis
selective
chọn lọc
adj. intentionally choosing some things and not others
————
Adjective
1
relating to or involving the selection of the most suitable or best qualified.
the mini-cow is the result of generations of selective breeding
staple
Verb
1
attach or secure with a staple or staples.
Mark stapled a batch of papers together
Adjective
1
main or important, especially in terms of consumption.
the staple foods of the poor
status
Noun
1
the relative social, professional, or other standing of someone or something.
an improvement in the status of women
2
the position of affairs at a particular time, especially in political or commercial contexts.
an update on the status of the bill
thirst
Noun
1
a feeling of needing or wanting to drink something.
they quenched their thirst with spring water
boon
lợi ích
n. a benefit, advantage
—————–
Noun
1
a thing that is helpful or beneficial.
the navigation system will be a boon to both civilian and military users
branch
Noun
1
a part of a tree which grows out from the trunk or from a bough.
Sophie was in the branches of a tree eating an apple
Verb
1
(of a road or path) divide into one or more subdivisions.
follow this track south until it branches into two
2
(of a tree or plant) bear or send out branches.
this rose has a tendency to branch and spread at the top
catch up
Noun
1
an informal meeting or conversation in which people find out or are briefed about things that have happened since they last met or spoke.
it’s the perfect destination for a coffee, some cake, and a catch-up
2
an act of catching up or matching someone or something in a particular activity.
the country’s catch-up phase of economic development
coincide
trùng hợp
v. to happen at the same time
————-
Verb
1
occur at or during the same time.
publication is timed to coincide with a major exhibition
confront
đối đầu
v. to face a difficulty
————
Verb
1
meet (someone) face to face with hostile or argumentative intent.
he confronted the robbers as they were trying to leave
controversy
tranh cãi
n. a lot of disagreement affecting many people
———————–
Noun
1
disagreement, typically when prolonged, public, and heated.
the announcement ended a protracted controversy
decisive
dứt khoát
adj. important; affecting a decision
—-
Adjective
1
settling an issue; producing a definite result.
the Supreme Court voided the statute by a decisive 7–2 vote
enticing
hấp dẫn
adj. attractive
————–
Adjective
1
attractive or tempting; alluring.
an enticing prospect
epicenter
tâm chấn
n. central or most important place
————
Noun
1
the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.
firm
Adjective
1
having a solid, almost unyielding surface or structure.
the bed should be reasonably firm, but not too hard
Verb
1
make (something) physically solid or resilient.
an exercise program designed to firm up muscle tone
a business concern, especially one involving a partnership of two or more people.
a law firm
looming
lờ mờ
adj. nearing, usually said of a threat or difficulty
————–
Verb
1
appear as a shadowy form, especially one that is large or threatening.
vehicles loomed out of the darkness
opponent
phản đối/địch thủ
n. someone who disagrees and speaks out
————–
Noun
1
someone who competes against or fights another in a contest, game, or argument; a rival or adversary.
he beat his opponent by a landslide margin
point
chỉ điểm
v. to call attention to
———-
Noun
1
the tapered, sharp end of a tool, weapon, or other object.
the point of his dagger
Verb
1
direct someone’s attention toward something by extending one’s finger or something held in one’s hand.
the boys were nudging each other and pointing at me
preponderance
prəˈpänd(ə)rəns
ưu thế
n. the largest amount
————-
Noun
1
the quality or fact of being greater in number, quantity, or importance.
the preponderance of women among older people
proponent
người ủng hộ
n. supporter
————-
Noun
1
a person who advocates a theory, proposal, or project.
a collection of essays by both critics and proponents of graphology
remainder
phần còn lại
n. the rest; what is left
————-
Noun
1
a part of something that is left over when other parts have been completed, used, or dealt with.
leave a few mushrooms for garnish and slice the remainder
Verb
1
dispose of (a book left unsold) at a reduced price.
titles are being remaindered increasingly quickly to save on overheads
routinely
thường xuyên
adv. on a regular basis
——————
Adverb
1
as part of a regular procedure rather than for a special reason.
large-scale producers routinely vaccinate their birds against the disease
shift
Verb
1
move or cause to move from one place to another, especially over a small distance.
I shift the weight back to the other leg
Noun
1
a slight change in position, direction, or tendency.
a shift in public opinion
2
one of two or more recurring periods in which different groups of workers do the same jobs in relay.
the night shift
turnover
Noun
1
the amount of money taken by a business in a particular period.
a turnover approaching $4 million
2
the rate at which employees leave a workforce and are replaced.
high staff turnover left the program with too many young instructors
3
a small pie made by folding a piece of pastry over on itself to enclose a sweet filling.
an apple turnover
wealthy
giàu có
Adjective
1
having a great deal of money, resources, or assets; rich.
the wealthy nations of the world
