Unit 1

Question 1

Aquatic

Answer 1

relating to water.

Question 2

array

Answer 2

Noun
1
an impressive display or range of a particular type of thing.
there is a vast array of literature on the topic
2
an ordered series or arrangement.
several arrays of solar panels will help provide power

Verb
1
display or arrange (things) in a particular way.
the forces arrayed against him

Question 3

defense

Answer 3

Noun
1
the action of defending from or resisting attack.
she came to the defense of the eccentric professor

2
the case presented by or on behalf of the party being accused or sued in a lawsuit.
the farmer’s defense was that he intended only to wound the thief

Question 4

deforestation

Answer 4

the action of clearing a wide area of trees.

Question 5

environment

Answer 5

the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
“survival in an often hostile environment”

the natural world, as a whole or in a particular geographical area, especially as affected by human activity.
“the impact of pesticides on the environment”

Question 6

erosion

Answer 6

the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
the problem of soil erosion

Question 7

extend

Answer 7

verb

cause to cover a larger area; make longer or wider.
the Forest Service plans to extend a gravel road nearly a mile

2
hold (something) out toward someone.
I nod and extend my hand

3
exert or exercise oneself to the utmost.
you have to extend yourself to change rather than keep on doing the same thing

Question 8

fell

Answer 8

verb

move downward, typically rapidly and freely without control, from a higher to a lower level.
five inches of snow fell through the night

(of a person) lose one’s balance and collapse.
he stumbled, tripped, and fell

noun

an act of falling or collapsing; a sudden uncontrollable descent.
his mother had a fall, hurting her leg as she alighted from a train

Question 9

habitat

Answer 9

noun

the natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.
wild chimps in their natural habitat

Question 10

impact

Answer 10

noun

the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.
there was the sound of a third impact

verb

come into forcible contact with another object.
the shell impacted twenty yards away

have a strong effect on someone or something.
high interest rates have impacted on retail spending

Question 11

inhibit

Answer 11

hinder, restrain, or prevent (an action or process).
cold inhibits plant growth
- ức chế -

make (someone) self-conscious and unable to act in a relaxed and natural way.
his mother’s strictures would always inhibit him

Question 12

intercept

Answer 12

• làm chậm lại -
  v. obstruct (someone or something) so as to prevent them from continuing to a destination.
  Intelligence agencies intercepted a series of telephone calls

n. an act or instance of intercepting something.
He read the file of radio intercepts

Question 13

logging

Answer 13

noun

the activity or business of felling trees and cutting and preparing the timber.
measures to counter illegal logging of the country’s tropical rainforests

• khai thác gỗ -

Question 14

myriad

Answer 14

LITERARY

noun

a countless or extremely great number.
networks connecting a myriad of computers

(chiefly in classical history) a unit of ten thousand.
the army was organized on a decimal system, up to divisions of 10,000 or myriads

adj

countless or extremely great in number.
the myriad lights of the city

Question 15

nutrient

Answer 15

a substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and the maintenance of life.
fish is a source of many important nutrients, including protein, vitamins, and minerals

Question 16

pollution

Answer 16

the presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or thing that has harmful or poisonous effects.
the level of pollution in the air is rising

Question 17

stabilise

Answer 17

make or become unlikely to give way or overturn.
the craft was stabilized by throwing out the remaining ballast

Question 18

terrestrial

Answer 18

• trên cạn -

adj
of, on, or relating to the earth.
increased ultraviolet radiation may disrupt terrestrial ecosystems

Noun
1
an inhabitant of the earth.

Question 19

vanish

Answer 19

disappear suddenly and completely.
Mary vanished without a trace

Question 20

vegetation

Answer 20

n

plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular area or habitat.
the chalk cliffs are mainly sheer with little vegetation

the action or process of vegetating.

Question 21

aspect

Answer 21

n
a particular part or feature of something.
the financial aspect can be overstressed

the positioning of a building or thing in a specified direction.
a greenhouse with a southern aspect

Question 22

breed

Answer 22

v
(of animals) mate and then produce offspring.
toads are said to return to the pond of their birth to breed

a stock of animals or plants within a species having a distinctive appearance and typically having been developed by deliberate selection.
the big continental breeds are eagerly being imported by British farmers

Question 23

diurnal

Answer 23

adj

1
of or during the day.

daily; of each day.
diurnal rhythms

Question 24

endure

Answer 24

v
suffer (something painful or difficult) patiently.
it seemed impossible that anyone could endure such pain

remain in existence; last.
these cities have endured through time

Question 25

evolve

Answer 25

v
1
develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complex form.
the company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer

CHEMISTRY
give off (gas or heat).
the energy evolved during this chemical change is transferred to water

Question 26

fascinate

Answer 26

draw irresistibly the attention and interest of (someone).
I’ve always been fascinated by other cultures

Question 27

feat

Answer 27

an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength.
the new printing presses were considerable feats of engineering
- thành tựu -

Question 28

fuel

Answer 28

1
material such as coal, gas, or oil that is burned to produce heat or power.
one aircraft ran out of fuel and had to ditch

v

supply or power (an industrial plant, vehicle, or machine) with fuel.
the plan includes a hydroelectric plant to fuel a paper factory

Question 29

hemisphere

Answer 29

a half of a sphere.

Question 30

imperative

Answer 30

adj

of vital importance; crucial.
immediate action was imperative

giving an authoritative command; peremptory.
the bell pealed again, a final imperative call

n

an essential or urgent thing.
free movement of labor was an economic imperative
- ưu tiên -

Question 31

inhabit

Answer 31

Verb trú ngụ
1
(of a person, animal, or group) live in or occupy (a place or environment).
a bird that inhabits North America

Question 32

migration

Answer 32

Noun
1
seasonal movement of animals from one region to another.
this butterfly’s annual migration across North America

movement from one part of something to another.
there is virtually no cell migration in plants

Question 33

navigation

Answer 33

Noun
1
the process or activity of accurately ascertaining one’s position and planning and following a route.
Columbus corrected his westward course by celestial navigation

2
the passage of ships.
bridges to span rivers without hindering navigation

Question 34

nocturnal

Answer 34

Adjective
1
done, occurring, or active at night.
most owls are nocturnal

Question 35

observer

Answer 35

Noun
1
a person who watches or notices something.
to a casual observer, he was at peace

Question 36

obscure

Answer 36

Adjective
1
not discovered or known about; uncertain.
his origins and parentage are obscure
- mờ mịt -
Verb
1
keep from being seen; conceal.
gray clouds obscure the sun

Question 37

optimal

Answer 37

Adjective
best or most favorable; optimum.
seeking the optimal solution

Question 38

species

Answer 38

n

1
BIOLOGY
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding. The species is the principal natural taxonomic unit, ranking below a genus and denoted by a Latin binomial, e.g. Homo sapiens.

2
a kind or sort.
a species of invective at once tough and suave

Question 39

stray

Answer 39

Verb
1
leave the correct rout, to become separated
- lạc đàn -

Question 40

windswept

Answer 40

(of a place) exposed to strong winds.
the windswept moors
lộng gió

Question 41

accumulate

Answer 41

Verb
1
gather together or acquire an increasing number or quantity of.
investigators have yet to accumulate enough evidence

Question 42

adapt

Answer 42

Verb
1
make (something) suitable for a new use or purpose; modify.
hospitals have had to be adapted for modern medical practice

Question 43

determine

Answer 43

Verb
1
cause (something) to occur in a particular way; be the decisive factor in.
it will be her mental attitude that determines her future

2
ascertain or establish exactly, typically as a result of research or calculation.
the point of our study was to determine what is true, not what is practicable

3
firmly decide.
he determined on a withdrawal of his forces

Question 44

dilute

Answer 44

Verb
1
make (a liquid) thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent to it.
bleach can be diluted with cold water
- pha loãng -

Adjective
1
(of a liquid) made thinner or weaker by having had water or another solvent added to it.

Question 45

diverse

Answer 45

Adjective
1
showing a great deal of variety; very different.
subjects as diverse as architecture, language teaching, and the physical sciences
2
including or involving people from a range of different social and ethnic backgrounds and of different genders, sexual orientations, etc.
our company is an equal opportunity employer committed to hiring a diverse workforce

Question 46

evaporation

Answer 46

Noun
1
the process of turning from liquid into vapor.
snow cover prevents evaporation of water from the soil

Question 47

extreme

Answer 47

Adjective
1
reaching a high or the highest degree; very great.
extreme cold

2
furthest from the center or a given point; outermost.
the extreme northwest of Scotland

Noun
1
either of two abstract things that are as different from each other as possible.
unbridled talk at one extreme and total silence at the other

Question 48

fringe

Answer 48

Noun
the edge of something
rìa

Question 49

mechanism

Answer 49

Noun
methods
cơ chế

Question 50

minimise

Answer 50

Verb
1
reduce (something, especially something unwanted or unpleasant) to the smallest possible amount or degree.
the aim is to minimize costs

Question 51

moisture

Answer 51

Noun
1
water or other liquid diffused in a small quantity as vapor, within a solid, or condensed on a surface.
the air was constantly heavy with moisture

Question 52

occupy

Answer 52

Verb
1
reside or have one’s place of business in (a building).
the apartment she occupies in Manhattan

2
fill or preoccupy (the mind or thoughts).
her mind was occupied with alarming questions

3
take control of (a place, especially a country) by military conquest or settlement.
the region was occupied by Britain during World War I

Question 53

prolific

Answer 53

Adjective
producing a lot of something
phong phú

Question 54

resilient

Answer 54

Adjective
tough; able to endure difficult conditions
- dẻo dai, đàn hồi -

Question 55

sparse

Answer 55

Adjective
1
thinly dispersed or scattered.
areas of sparse population
thưa thớt

Question 56

stressor

Answer 56

Noun
1
something that causes a state of strain or tension.
stressors can place a tremendous burden on relationships

Question 57

swing

Answer 57

Verb
1
move or cause to move back and forth or from side to side while suspended or on an axis.
her long black skirt swung about her legs

2
move by grasping a support from below and leaping.
we swung across like two trapeze artists

Question 58

thrive

Answer 58

Verb
1
(of a child, animal, or plant) grow or develop well or vigorously.
the new baby thrived

Question 59

transitional

Answer 59

Adjective
1
relating to or characteristic of a process or period of transition.
chuyển tiếp

Question 60

violent

Answer 60

Adjective
1
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill someone or something.
a violent confrontation with riot police

Question 61

intact

Answer 61

adj
whole, complete
nguyên vẹn