Unit 10

Question 1

back

Answer 1

hậu thuẫn
v. to support, especially financially
—————–
Noun
1
the rear surface of the human body from the shoulders to the hips.
he lay on his back
Adverb
1
toward the rear; in the opposite direction from the one that one is facing or traveling.
she moved back a pace
Verb
1
give financial, material, or moral support to.
he had a newspaper empire backing him

Adjective
1
of or at the back of something.
the back garden

Question 2

clamp

Answer 2

v. to fasten or hold tightly
nắm chặt
—————–
Noun
1
a brace, band, or clasp used for strengthening or holding things together.

Verb
1
fasten (something) in place with a clamp.
the sander is clamped onto the edge of a workbench

Question 3

critical

Answer 3

quan trọng
adj. very important
—————–
Adjective
1
expressing adverse or disapproving comments or judgments.
he was critical of many U.S. welfare programs

2
expressing or involving an analysis of the merits and faults of a work of literature, music, or art.
she never won the critical acclaim she sought

3
(of a situation or problem) having the potential to become disastrous; at a point of crisis.
the flood waters had not receded, and the situation was still critical

Question 4

current

Answer 4

dòng điện
n. a flow of electricity, water, air
—————–
Adjective
1
belonging to the present time; happening or being used or done now.
keep abreast of current events

Noun
1
a body of water or air moving in a definite direction, especially through a surrounding body of water or air in which there is less movement.
ocean currents

Question 5

derive
dəˈrīv

Answer 5

lấy vật gì đó
v. to get sth from sth else, originate
—————–
Verb
1
obtain something from (a specified source).
they derived great comfort from this assurance

Question 6

device

Answer 6

Noun
1
a thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a piece of mechanical or electronic equipment.
a measuring device

2
a plan, method, or trick with a particular aim.
writing a public letter is a traditional device for signaling dissent

Question 7

entrepreneur

Answer 7

Noun
1
a person who organizes and operates a business or businesses, taking on greater than normal financial risks in order to do so.
many entrepreneurs see potential in this market

Question 8

file

Answer 8

Noun
1
a folder or box for holding loose papers that are typically arranged in a particular order for easy reference.
a file of correspondence

2
a line of people or things one behind another.
Plains Cree warriors riding in file down the slopes
Verb
1
place (a document) in a cabinet, box, or folder in a particular order for preservation and easy reference.
the contract, when signed, is filed

Question 9

infringement

Answer 9

sự vi phạm
n. an action that breaks a rule or law
———————
Noun
1
the action of breaking the terms of a law, agreement, etc.; violation.
copyright infringement

2
the action of limiting or undermining something.
the infringement of the right to privacy

Question 10

inspiration

Answer 10

n. a sudden good idea, a role model for creativity
nguồn cảm hứng
———————

Noun
1
the process of being mentally stimulated to do or feel something, especially to do something creative.
Helen had one of her flashes of inspiration

2
a sudden brilliant, creative, or timely idea.
then I had an inspiration

3
the drawing in of breath; inhalation.
crackling sounds are heard in the stethoscope on inspiration

Question 11

invalid

Answer 11

adj. not legally correct or acceptable
không hợp lệ
————————
Noun
1
a person made weak or disabled by illness or injury.
an invalid husband

Verb
1
remove (someone) from active service in the armed forces because of injury or illness.
he was badly wounded and invalided out of the infantry

Adjective
1
(of an official document or procedure) not legally recognized and therefore void because contravening a regulation or law.
the will was declared invalid and the children were entitled to the estate

Question 12

inventor

Answer 12

Noun
1
a person who invented a particular process or device or who invents things as an occupation.

Question 13

patent

Answer 13

bằng sáng chế
n. a right to an invention granted by the government
————————
Noun
1
a government authority or license conferring a right or title for a set period, especially the sole right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention.
he took out a patent for an improved steam hammer

Adjective
1
easily recognizable; obvious.
she was smiling with patent insincerity

Verb
1
obtain a patent for (an invention).
an invention is not your own until it is patented

Question 14

ransack

Answer 14

lục soát
v. to search thoroughly, often violently or carelessly
————————
Verb
1
go hurriedly through (a place) stealing things and causing damage.
burglars ransacked her home

Question 15

refinement

Answer 15

sàng lọc, tinh luyện
n. improvement
————————
Noun
1
the process of removing impurities or unwanted elements from a substance.
the refinement of uranium

Question 16

ruling

Answer 16

sự cai trị, chế ngự
n. legal decision
————————

Noun
1
an authoritative decision or pronouncement, especially one made by a judge.
the ruling was reversed in the appeal court

Adjective
1
currently exercising authority or influence.
the ruling coalition

Question 17

specifically

Answer 17

Adverb
1
in a way that is exact and clear; precisely.
a workman called at the time I specifically stated I would not be in

Question 18

suitable

Answer 18

Adjective
1
right or appropriate for a particular person, purpose, or situation.
these toys are not suitable for children under five

Question 19

unveil

Answer 19

tiết lộ
v. to make public, to uncover
————————
Verb
1
remove a veil or covering from, in particular uncover (a new monument or work of art) as part of a public ceremony.
the mayor unveiled a plaque

Question 20

aviation

Answer 20

thuật hàng không
n. the development, design, and use of aircarft
————————
1
the flying or operating of aircraft.
two events launched the history of modern aviation

Question 21

blade

Answer 21

lưỡi, gươm
n. a thin, flat part of a machine
————————
Noun
1
the flat cutting edge of a knife, saw, or other tool or weapon.
cut cleanly using a sharp blade
2
the flat, wide section of an implement or device such as an oar or a propeller.
3
a shoulder bone in a cut of meat, or the cut of meat itse

Question 22

coarse

Answer 22

thô
adj. rough, not smooth
————————
Adjective
1
rough or loose in texture or grain.
a coarse woolen cloth
2
(of a person or their speech) rude, crude, or vulgar.
a man of coarse speech

Question 23

confer

Answer 23

đàm phán, thương thuyết
v. to discuss, consult with sb
————————
Verb
1
grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right).
moves were made to confer an honorary degree on her

2
have discussions; exchange opinions.
the officials were conferring with allies

Question 24

cruise

Answer 24

chạy rề rề
v. to travel at a steady speed
————————
Verb
1
sail about in an area without a precise destination, especially for pleasure.
they were cruising off the California coast

2
(of a motor vehicle or aircraft) travel smoothly at a moderate or economical speed.
we sit in a jet, cruising at some 30,000 ft

Noun
1
a voyage on a ship or boat taken for pleasure or as a vacation and usually calling in at several places.
a cruise down the Nile

Question 25

curiosity

Answer 25

Noun
1
a strong desire to know or learn something.
filled with curiosity, she peered through the window

2
a strange or unusual object or fact.
he showed them some of the curiosities of the house

Question 26

design

Answer 26

Noun
1
a plan or drawing produced to show the look and function or workings of a building, garment, or other object before it is built or made.
he has just unveiled his design for the new museum

2
an arrangement of lines or shapes created to form a pattern or decoration.
pottery with a lovely blue and white design

Verb
1
decide upon the look and functioning of (a building, garment, or other object), by making a detailed drawing of it.
a number of architectural students were designing a factory

Question 27

enthusiast

Answer 27

người đam mê
n. a person who is very interested in sth
————————
Noun
1
a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject.
a sports car enthusiast

Question 28

handle

Answer 28

Verb
1
feel or manipulate with the hands.
heavy paving slabs can be difficult to handle

2
manage (a situation or problem).
a lawyer’s ability to handle a case properly

Noun
1
the part by which a thing is held, carried, or controlled.
the pan features helpful lifting handles

Question 29

inflexibility

Answer 29

n. inability to change
tính không linh hoạt
————————
Noun
1
unwillingness to change or compromise.
he had a reputation for arrogance and inflexibility
2
inability to be bent; stiffness.
the inflexibility of the metal

Question 30

isolation

Answer 30

Noun
1
the process or fact of isolating or being isolated.
the isolation of older people

Question 31

pitch

Answer 31

chiều nghiêng
n. the angle or slope of sth
————————
Noun
1
the quality of a sound governed by the rate of vibrations producing it; the degree of highness or lowness of a tone.
a car engine seems to change pitch downward as the vehicle passes you

2
the steepness of a slope, especially of a roof.

3
the level of intensity of something.
he brought the machine to a high pitch of development

Question 32

prolonged

Answer 32

Adjective
1
continuing for a long time or longer than usual; lengthy.
the region suffered a prolonged drought

Question 33

propeller

Answer 33

chân vịt của tàu
n. a device that causes an airplane or boat to move
————————
Noun
1
a mechanical device for propelling a boat or aircraft, consisting of a revolving shaft with two or more broad, angled blades attached to it.

Question 34

reliably

Answer 34

adv. dependably
đáng tin cậy
————————
Adverb
1
in a consistently good or accurate way.
few of these paintings can be reliably dated

Question 35

revolutionize

Answer 35

khởi nghĩa
v. to change completely
————————
Verb
1
change (something) radically or fundamentally.
this fabulous new theory will revolutionize the whole of science

Question 36

rotation

Answer 36

Vòng xoay/ sự thay phiên

Noun
1
the action of rotating around an axis or center.
the moon moves in the same direction as the earth’s rotation

Question 37

sustained

Answer 37

duy trì
adj. having the ability to continue for a long time
————————
Adjective
1
continuing for an extended period or without interruption.
several years of sustained economic growth

Question 38

Turbulence

Answer 38

huyên náo, nhiễu loạn
n. strong sudden movements in air
————————
Noun
1
violent or unsteady movement of air or water, or of some other fluid.
the plane shuddered as it entered some turbulence

Question 39

variable

Answer 39

biến đổi
adj. able to change
————————
Adjective
1
not consistent or having a fixed pattern; liable to change.
the quality of hospital food is highly variable

2
able to be changed or adapted.
the drill has variable speed

Noun
1
an element, feature, or factor that is liable to vary or change.
there are too many variables involved to make any meaningful predictionến d

Question 40

cable

Answer 40

Noun
1
a thick rope of wire or nonmetallic fiber, typically used for construction, mooring ships, and towing vehicles.
steel cables held the convoy together

Verb
1
contact or send a message to (someone) by cablegram.
he cabled her to cancel all arrangements

Question 41

catastrophic

Answer 41

Adjective
1
involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.
a catastrophic earthquake

Question 42

compensate

Answer 42

đền bù
v. to make up for, balance out
————————

Verb
1
give (someone) something, typically money, in recognition of loss, suffering, or injury incurred; recompense.
payments were made to farmers to compensate them for cuts in subsidies

2
reduce or counteract (something unwelcome or unpleasant) by exerting an opposite force or effect.
the manager is hoping for victory to compensate for the team’s dismal league campaign

Question 43

disparate

Answer 43

khác nhau, chên lệch
adj. different
————————
Adjective
1
essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison.
they inhabit disparate worlds of thought

Question 44

flaw

Answer 44

khuyết điểm
n. a mistake or weakness, especially in design
————————
Noun
1
a mark, fault, or other imperfection that mars a substance or object.
plates with flaws in them were sold at the outlet store

Verb
1
(of an imperfection) mar, weaken, or invalidate (something).
the computer game was flawed by poor programming

Question 45

indispensable

Answer 45

cần thiết
adj. completely necessary
————————
Adjective
1
absolutely necessary.
he made himself indispensable to the parish priest

Question 46

inexplicably

Answer 46

khó hiểu
adv. without explanation
————————
Adverb
1
in a way that cannot be explained or accounted for.
many crucial documents had inexplicably disappeared

Question 47

inquiry

Answer 47

cuộc điều tra
n. an official investigation
————————
Noun
1
an act of asking for information.
a reporter from New York makes inquiries

Question 48

insulation

Answer 48

cách nhiệt, cách điện
n. material used to prevent the passage of electricity
————————
Noun
1
the action of insulating something.
keep your home warmer through insulation

Question 49

perseverance

Answer 49

kiên trì
n. continuation with a task despite difficulties
————————
Noun
1
persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success.
his perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness

Question 50

rally

Answer 50

tập hợp
v. to gather support
————————
Verb
1
(of troops) come together again in order to continue fighting after a defeat or dispersion.
De Montfort’s troops rallied and drove back the king’s infantry

2
recover or cause to recover in health, spirits, or poise.
she floundered for a moment, then rallied again

Noun
1
a mass meeting of people making a political protest or showing support for a cause.
a rally attended by around 100,000 people

Question 51

requisite
ˈrekwəzət

Answer 51

cần thiết,
n. need, requirement
————————
Adjective
1
made necessary by particular circumstances or regulations.
the application will not be processed until the requisite fee is paid

Noun
1
a thing that is necessary for the achievement of a specified end.
she believed privacy to be a requisite for a peaceful life

Question 52

set out

Answer 52

bắt đầu
v. to start an activity
————————
transitive verb
1a : to arrange and present graphically or systematically
b : to mark out (something, such as a design) : lay out the plan of

: to state, describe, or recite at length
distributed copies of a pamphlet setting out his ideas in full
— S. F. Mason
3 : to begin with a definite purpose : INTEND, UNDERTAKE

Question 53

snap

Answer 53

gãy/bể bất thình lình
v. to break suddenly
————————
Verb
1
break or cause to break suddenly and completely, typically with a sharp cracking sound.
guitar strings kept snapping

Noun
1
a sudden, sharp cracking sound or movement.
she closed her purse with a snap

Adjective
1
done or taken on the spur of the moment, unexpectedly, or without notice.
a snap judgment

Question 54

tow

Answer 54

kéo
v. to pull behind
————————

Verb
1
(of a motor vehicle or boat) pull (another vehicle or boat) along with a rope, chain, or tow bar.
a pickup van towing a trailer

Noun
1
an act of towing a vehicle or boat.
the cruiser got a tow from a warship after its engine failed

Question 55

transmit

Answer 55

Verb
1
cause (something) to pass on from one place or person to another.
knowledge is transmitted from teacher to student

Question 56

triumph

Answer 56

khải hoàn, chiến thắng
v. to succeed, win
————————
Noun
1
a great victory or achievement.
a garden built to celebrate Napoleon’s many triumphs

Verb
1
achieve a victory; be successful.
spectacle has once again triumphed over content

Question 57

utterly

Answer 57

hoàn toàn
adv. totally
————————
Adverb
1
completely and without qualification; absolutely.
he looked utterly ridiculous

Question 58

vilified

Answer 58

gièm pha, phỉ báng
adj. having one’s reputation ruined; being spoken about in a bad way
————————
Verb
1
speak or write about in an abusively disparaging manner.
he has been vilified in the press