Unit 5: Part 1 acquired immunity on exam 2 Flashcards
define attenuated live vaccines
weakened, non pathogenic live org
eg of attenuated live vaccines
Sabin or oral polio vaccine, varicella, measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
define killed/inactivated vaccines
contain heat or chemically killed microbes
process of attenuated vaccine
virus repeatedly grown in suboptimal envirmt. small # might mutate to survive. select imunogenic but avirulent (non pathogenic strain) for testing. choose best for vaccine
define toxoid vaccine
compose of exotoxins that are modified chemically or physically to remove toxigenicity but retain immunogenicity
eg of toxoid vaccine
diphtheria and tetanus
define subunit or acellular vaccine
composed of purified microbial components (can be conjugated to carrier) do not contain whole virus/cells
how are subunit/ acellular vaccines produced
by recombinant DNA technology
how is acellular Pertussis (aP) acellular vaccine produced
contains 2+ protective antigens of Bodetella pertussis
describe pneumococcal vaccine
capsular polysaccharides of 23 serotypes (strains) of S. pneumoniae. 23 valent vaccine
describe HBV vaccine
surface antigen on the envelope of HBV is the protective antigen
eg of killed/inactivated vaccine
injected Salk or inactivated poli vacine
how is HBV vaccine synthesized
expression vector (yeast Saccharomyces cervisiae) in which plasmid contain gene for HBAg was inserted. eg of rDNA vaccine
what is IG/antisera
contain pre-formed Ab against infectious agents and toxins
when to use IG/antisera
vaccine not recommended (ie live for pregnant), vaccine not available eg botulism, immediate protection (only short term) (eg animal bites), w/other vaccines (HBV-IG and HBV vaccine for babies)
