3rd defense: acquired immunity

Question 1

basic characteristic of adaptive/acquired immunity

Answer 1

recognition of self 
specificity
diversity
memory
can be acquired actively or passively

Question 2

define specificity

Answer 2

immunity to agent is specific to that agent only. immunity to one strain vs others

Question 3

define diversity

Answer 3

potential to recognize and interact diff epitotes through antigen-binding sites on Ab and T cell receptors

Question 4

define memory

Answer 4

retains memory against specific immunogens through memory T and B cells

Question 5

define active immunity

Answer 5

generates own protective immune products (Ab/ Tcells) under natural or artificial conditions

Question 6

define passive immunity

Answer 6

receives protective immune products from donor source. natural or artificial

Question 7

eg of naturally acquired passive immunity

Answer 7

transfer of aB from mother to fetus

Question 8

eg of artificial acquired passive immunity

Answer 8

injection of immune globulins IG or immune serum containing pre formed Ab from donor

Question 9

define immunoprophylaxis

Answer 9

use of vaccines and immune globulins in prevention of diseases

Question 10

ideal characteristics of effective vaccine (6)

Answer 10

• low level of adverse side effects
• protect against exposure to natural wild forms of pathogen
• stimulate antibody (b-cell) response and cell mediated (t cell) response
• not require numerous doses
• inexpensive, long shelf life, easy

Question 11

define vaccines

Answer 11

agents used to induce active immunity

Question 12

define immune globins or antisera

Answer 12

contain pre formed antibodies from donor source against infectious agents

Question 13

when to use immune globins

Answer 13

when live vaccines not recommended for pregnant or immunocompromised. vaccine not available (eg botulism). immediate protection eg tetanus-IG shot. inconjunction w/ vaccines post exposure prophylaxis eg rabies