Unit 5 - Enzymes

Question 1

Enzyme composition

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Examples of enzymes

Answer 2

• Carbohydrase - breaks down carbohydrates into maltose
• Protease - breaks down proteins into amino acids
• Lipase - breaks down fats & oils into glycerol + fatty acids

Question 3

Substrate

Answer 3

The molecule that reacts with an enzyme and is broken down by it

Question 4

Enzyme specificity

Answer 4

Each enzyme only works on one molecule and have an active site complementary to the substrate

Question 5

Factors that affect enzyme activity

Answer 5

Temperature and pH

Question 6

Enzyme-Substrate complex

Answer 6

When the enzyme substrate have come together due to their complementary shapes

Question 7

Word equation for enzyme reactions

Answer 7

Enzyme + substrate –> enzyme-substrate complex –> Product

Question 8

Function of enzymes

Answer 8

Act as biological catalysts - lower activation energy for reactions which increase rate of collisions and reaction

Question 9

Denaturing

Answer 9

An enzyme’s active site can change shape/be denatured when temperature or pH is extreme

Question 10

Optimum temperature of human enzymes

Answer 10

around 37˚C

Question 11

Optimum pH of most enzymes in humans

Answer 11

7