Unit 5 Day 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Who was the democratic nomination in the 1900 election
A
William Jennings Bryan
2
Q
Who said, “God himself placed every human heart the love of liberty” and what is it referring to
A
William Jennings Bryan and the denouncement of U.S. military occupations overseas
3
Q
What happened because of Bryan’s pacifist beliefs?
A
He lost the election by a landslde
4
Q
What does Bryan’s defeat show
A
How popular US imperialism was
5
Q
What wars occurred continuously since the nations founding?
A
Wars against native people
6
Q
Who saw access to global markets as key to international power
A
William Seward
7
Q
What caused Seward’s ideas to reprise?
A
The depression of the 1890s
8
Q
What did policymakers fear American workers would embrace?
A
Socialism of Marxism
9
Q
What does this refer to “the largest liberty, the purest Christianity, the highest civilization”
A
The American Anglo-Saxon Race
10
Q
What was the idea that the US had a unique destiny to foster democracy and civilization
A
American exceptionalism
11
Q
What was the effect of Anglo-Saxon race theory
A
Many were denied citizenship, segregated, and disenfranchised
12
Q
Who argued the “free land” on the western frontier was dwindling, and thus new outlets needed to be found for American energy and enterprise
A
Imperialists
13
Q
How did imperialists justify their views?
A
The racialized Social Darwinism
14
Q
What does this phrase refer to “Competition of Races”
A
Racial Social Darwinism
15
Q
What power did many fear America was falling behind on?
A
Naval Power
16
Q
What 2 battleships did Congress order constructed in 1866
A
USS Texas and USS Maine
17
Q
By 1890, how many steel-hulled battleships did America have
A
5
18
Q
Who warned grover Cleveland to stay away from Latin America
A
Richard Olney
19
Q
What writing did Only invoke to get Britain to resolve a long-standing border dispute with Venezuela
A
The Monroe Doctrine
20
Q
What was the name for journalists who turned Cuban’s plight into a cause célèbre
A
Yellow Journalists
21
Q
Who was a famous yellow journalist
A
William Randolph Hearst
22
Q
What does the phrase “manufacture manhood” refer to
A
Congress calling for Cuban Independence
23
Q
Who had no interest in supporting the Cuban rebellion
A
President Grover Cleveland
24
Q
What shocking news came in February 1898
A
The USS Maine had exploded and sunk in Havana Harbor
25
What popular chant arose from the sinking of Maine
Remember the Maine
26
what does this quote refer to "in the name of civilization, and in behalf of endangered American interests"
McKinley asking congress' permission to intervene in Cuba
27
What amendment reassured Americans that their country would respect the political independence of other nations.
The Teller Amendment
28
Who wrote the Teller Amendment
Senator Henry M. Teller
29
What is this in response to "We must keep all we get; when the war is over we must keep what we want"
The Teller Amendment
30
When did Spain Declare War on the US
April 24, 1898
31
What is this quote in reference to "like Don Quixote go out to fight windmills and come back with a broken head"
US's advantage in the war of 1898
32
What happened on May 1 1898
American ships cornered the Spanish Fleet in Manila Bay and destroyed it
33
What territory did US acquire as a result of the war of 1898
The phillipines
34
What did Dewey's victory in Manila draw attention to
Hawaii
35
What caused tension between Hawaiian monarchs and the US
When Queen Liliuokalani succeeded her brother
36
What group organized the overthrow of the queen
Annexation Club
37
Who rejected the treaty of annexation in Hawaii
Grover Cleveland
38
What does this quote refer to "The Aryan race would rescue the islands"
Annexation of Hawaii
39
What was the first major battle of the war of 1898
The battle at San Juan Hill
40
Who did many credit the victory of the battle at San Juan Hill to
4 African American Regiments
41
How did many US soldiers die in the war of 1898
Malaria and Yellow Fever
42
Who did McKinley say were "unfit for self-rule"
The Filipinos
43
Who argued that "no power is given to the Federal Government to acquire territory to be held and governed permanently as colonies or to conquer alien people and hold them in subjugation"
George F. Hoar
44
What 2 citizens enlisted in the anti-imperial cause
Jane Addams and Mark Twain
45
What did Andrew Carnegie offer to the US government
$20 million to purchase Philippine independence and set the islands free.
46
Who became president after William McKinley's assassination?
Theodore Roosevelt
47
T/F: Roosevelt believed in "policing the world"
True
48
What did Roosevelt argue about domestic progressivism
A strong federal government asserting itself both at home and abroad would enhance economic stability and political order
49
Who proposed an open door policy for nations seeking to do business in China
U.S. Secretary of State John Hay
50
What did the secret society of Chinese nationalists, who were pugnacious in their political stance, become known as
"Bocers
51
What was Hay's second open door principle
China must be preserved as a "territorial and administrative entity"
52
Who did Japan rebel against
Russia
53
Why were westerners shocked at Japan's victory
It was the first time a European power had been defeated by an Asian nation
54
Who did Roosevelt refer to as "a wonderful and civilized people"
The Japanese
55
Who signed the Root-Takahira Agreement?
The US and Japan
56
What did the Root-Takahira Agreement confirm?
principles of free oceanic commerce and recognizing Japan's authority over Manchuria
57
How did Taft's policies differ from Roosevelts?
Taft wanted more involvement in Asia
58
What does this quote refer to "speak softly and carry a big stick"
Naval fleets
59
What did Britain surrender in the Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
Central American canal-building rightd
60
T/F: Colombians accepted Roosevelt's offer for Panama
False
61
What gave the US a commanding position in the Western Hemisphere
The Panama Canal
62
What did the Roosevelt Corollary declare
The US would police the whole Caribbean
63
What writing did the Roosevelt Corollary refute
The Monroe Doctrine
64
T/F: The Roosevelt Corollary was a treaty
False
65
Which democratic president criticized his predecessors' foreign policy
Woodrow Wilson
66
T/F: Wilson's policies greatly differed from those of Taft's and Roosevelt's
False
67
What decision of Wilson's created lasting mistrust with Mexico
To interfere with the Mexican Revolution, helping the Venustiana Carranza
68
Who crossed the U.S-Mexico border, killing 16 Americans and raided the town of Columbus, New Mexico
General Fransico "Pancho" Villa
69
What military power terrorized europeans
Germany
70
What alliance was Germany, Austria Hungary, and Italy a part of
The Triple Alliance
71
What alliance was Britain France and Russia a part of
Triple Entente
72
T/F: Americans remained neutral in the war originally
True
73
What does "the power of our detachment" refer to
America's neutrality in WWi
74
What event triggered WWI
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne
75
What was the first country to declare war and who was that country declaring war on
Germany on Russia and its ally France
76
How far could WWI rifles hit a target from
1000 yards
77
Why were American leaned towards Britain and France, even though they were still neutral
Trade
78
What weapon did Germany launch to challenge the British navy
U-boat, or submarine
79
What attack caused Americans to lose hope of neutrality
Submarine attack on the Lusitania
80
What was agreed in the Sussex pledge
Germany would not target ships unless an inspection showed that it carried weapons
81
How much money did Wilson invest in US Military Buildup
$1 Billion
82
Who did Republicans turn to after Roosevelt,
Charles Evan Hughes
83
Who did democrats nominate agains Hughes
Wilson
84
Who won the election of 1916
Wilson
85
What did Wilson to to combat Germany's unrestricted submarine warfare
Cut off diplomatic relations with Germany
86
What urged Mexico to join Mexico to join the central powers, promising that it would help Mexico seize Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona
Zimmermann telegram
87
What did German U-boats do after Wilson cut off diplomatic relations
Sink US Ships
88
When did Wilson ask congress for a declaration of war
April 2, 1917
89
When did the US declare war on Germany
April 6, 1917
90
T/F: The vote to war was basically unanimous
False`
91
Why was the military draft successful
Civilian run draft boards
92
Who was tasked to head the American Expeditionary Force
General Pershing
93
What did the AEF require
Safer shipping
94
Why did Russia drop out of the war?
To fight its own civil war after communism
95
When did Germany sign an armistice
November 11, 1918
96
What was a crucial turning point in the war
America's support
97
What were men who wore US uniforms known as
"doughboys"
98
What percent of armed forces consisted of African Americans?
13%
99
How many Native Americans served in WWI
25%
100
T/F: WWI was a deadly war for Americans
False
101
What class mostly benefited from WWI
Upper Class
102
What organization directed military production
War Industries Board (WIB)
103
Who headed the WIB
Bernard Baruch
104
What federal agency established an eight-hour day for war workers with time and half pay overtime
The National War Labor Board (NWLB)
105
T/F: The NWLB, like many other labor organizations, disregarded women
False
106
What group introduced daylight savings time to conserve coal and oil
The Fuel Administration
107
What group seized control of the nation's hodgepodge of private railroads, seeking to facilitate rapid movement of troops and equipment
The Railroad Administration
108
what wartime agency was headed by Herbert Hoover
Food Administration
109
What was the Food Administration's slogan?
"Food will win the war"
110
What effect did the food administration have on politics
saw Hoover emerging from the war as one o the nation's most admired public figures
111
What was a government propaganda agency
Committee on Public Information (CPI)
112
Who headed the CPI
Journalist George Creel
113
What was the purpose of the CPI
mold Americans into "one white-hot mass" of war patriotism.
114
T/F: The CPI was successful
True
115
What was the name given to people who delivered short prewar speeches at movie theaters
Four-Minute Men
116
What organization pressured immigrants to become "100% American"
CPI
117
What quasi-vigilante group mobilized about 250,000 "agents" and trained them to spy on neighbors and coworkers
American Protective Leauge
118
T/F: The American Protective League remained purely peaceful
False
119
What law prohibited any words or behavior that might "incite, provoke, or encourage resistance to the United States, or promote the cause of its enemies."
Sedition Act of 1918
120
What act, similar to the sedition act, defined treason loosely, resulting in the prosecution of thousands
The Espionage Act
121
What Supreme Court ruling upheld the conviction of a socialist who was jailed for circulating pamphlets that encouraged draftees to resist induction
Schenck v. united States
122
What Supreme Court decision allowed authorities to prosecute speech
Abrams v. United States
123
Where did African Americans migrate
South to North
124
What cities were African Americans attracted to during the Great Migration
St. Louis, Chicago, New York, ddetroit
125
What did the demand for framework encourage
Mexicans to move across the border
126
What was the largest group to take advantage of wartime opportunities
Women
127
what women's organization accepted the war effort
The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)
128
Who founded the National Woman's Party (NWP)
Alice Paul
129
T/F: The NWP was an ineffective suffrage group due to their extreme protests
False
130
When was the 19th amendment passed
August 20, 1920
131
What is the reason for Women's suffrage
The Great War
132
What does "peace among equals" represent
Wilson's belief that there should be no victor in World War 1
133
What was the name for Wilson's blueprint for peace
fourteen points
134
What was the 14th point of the fourteen points
The League of Nations
135
What 3 countries were not present in the conference of Versailles
Russia, Germany, Italy
136
How much did Germany have to pay in reparations
$33 Billion
137
What was established regarding Palestine by the british
Britain would work to find a national home for the Jewish people
138
What is this quote in reference to "all-powerful, all-ignorant men, sitting there and carving up continents"
The conditions created by the Versailles treaty that led to WWII
139
What group opposed US involvement in European affairs
the irreconcilables
140
T/F: Wilson's 14 points were greatly applauded in America
False
141
What did Wilson do to garner support for the League of Nations
Went on a grueling speaking tour
142
T/F: The United States ratified the Treaty of Versailles and joined the League of Nations
False
