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Summer US History > Unit 4 Day 1 > Flashcards

Unit 4 Day 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What led to the 14th amendment

A

A 3 day scuffle that left 48 African Americans dead

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2
Q

What was the 14th amendment

A

enforcing US Citizenship rights

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3
Q

Who was the president after Lincoln

A

Andrew Johnson

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4
Q

What party was Andrew Johnson

A

A Unionist Democrat

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5
Q

Who refused to sign the 14th amendment

A

Andrew Johnson

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6
Q

What did the reconstruction act allow southern states to do?

A

Re-enter the union

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7
Q

Why was there a struggle with powers following the civil war?

A

There was no clarity on who can allow Southern states to re-enter the Union

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8
Q

What 2 things did Lincoln want Southern states to do before they were allowed to enter the union?

A

Approve the 13th amendment, and have 10% of its voters take a loyalty oath

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9
Q

What did the Wade-Davis Bill require southern states to do before being re-admitted into the union?

A

Majority must take an oath of alliegence

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10
Q

Who was disenfranchised under the Wade-Davis Bill?

A

Confederate leaders

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11
Q

Who rejected the Wade-Davis Bill by a pocket Veto?

A

Lincoln

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12
Q

Who did many unionists blame for Lincoln’s assassination?

A

All confederates

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13
Q

Who was a “common man”

A

Johnson

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14
Q

What did black codes attempt to do?

A

Force former slaves back to plantation labor

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15
Q

What mixed signals did Johnson give

A

Said he was against southern planters, but allied with ex-confederate leaders and pardoned them

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16
Q

Who is this in reference to: “You have become a benefactor of the Southern people”

A

Johnson

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17
Q

What did congress to in December 1865

A

Blocked Johnson’s program

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18
Q

Why was the Freedmen’s bureau created

A

to combat racial violence in the South

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19
Q

What did the Freedmen’s bureau do?

A

Give aid to displaced blacks and other war refugees

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20
Q

What was the name of the act that declared formerly enslaved people as citizens with equal protection and rights of contract, and full access to the courts.

A

Civil Rights act of 1866

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21
Q

What two bills did Johnson veto

A

Civil Rights Act, Freedmen’s Bureau

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22
Q

Who said this: “As long as I am president, it should be a government for white men”

A

Johnson

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23
Q

What happened to the Civil Rights Act and Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Congress passed them with a 2/3 majority

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24
Q

What writing states that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” were citizens

A

The 14th amendment

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25
Q

What political party wanted sweeping transformations in the defeated South

A

Radical Republicans

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26
Q

Who was the leader of the Radical Republicans?

A

Charles Sumner

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27
Q

Who was the House’s representative in Pennsylvania who was a passionate advocate of political and economic rights?

A

Thaddeus Stevens

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28
Q

Who was suspended as Secretary of War

A

Edwin M. Stanton

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29
Q

Who replaced Stanton as secretary of war

A

Ulysses S. Grant

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30
Q

What did Johnson misjudge about Grant?

A

His loyalty, he was an open enemy of Johnson’s

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31
Q

What did Grant humbly do?

A

Resign so Stanton could resume his place as secretary of war

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32
Q

How many counts of misconduct against Johnson were brought up in the house

A

11

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33
Q

How close was the senate to convicting Johnson

A

One vote short

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34
Q

Who was the republican’s nomination in the 1868 election

A

Ulysses S. Grant

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35
Q

Who was the democrat’s nomination in the 1868 election

A

former New York governor Horatio Seymour

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36
Q

Who won the 1868 election?

A

Ulysses S. Grant

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37
Q

Which amendment protected a male citizen’s right to vote irrespective of are color or “previous conditions of servitude”

A

The 15th amendment

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38
Q

What writing does this quote refer to “The colored people of these Southern states have cast their lot with the government”

A

The 15th amendment

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39
Q

What did many women hope would come with the 15th amendments

A

Women’s voting rights

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40
Q

What was the main reason republicans were against women’s enfranshisment

A

Because it would “distract” from race rights

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41
Q

What party did the American Woman Suffrage Association belong to

A

Republicans

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42
Q

Which women’s right committee took up battle for a federal suffrage amendment

A

National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA)

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43
Q

What supreme court case ruled that state legislators could deny women the vote if they wished

A

Minor v. Happersett (1875)

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44
Q

Who said “I am a free lover. I have an inalienable, constitutional, and natural right to love whom I may, to love as long or as short period as I can; to change that love every day if I please” and what milestone did she break

A

Victoria Woodhull, first female stockbroker on wall street

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45
Q

What was the Beecher-Tilton scandal

A

When Woodhull accused a minister of having affairs

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46
Q

What was the first territory to give women full voting rights

A

Wyoming

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47
Q

to what did the issue of resettlement of blacks fall to

A

The Freedmen’s bureau

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48
Q

What did Johnson’s amnesty plan allow confederates to do

A

recover property seized from the war

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49
Q

What is this quote, said by black protesters, in reference to, “Why do you take away our lands?”

A

Johnson ordering to give Sherman lands back to white plantation owners

50
Q

What did congressional leaders see former slave’s role in an antebellum America?

A

wage workers

51
Q

What was congress reluctant to confiscate

A

White-owned plantations

52
Q

What did most freedpeople resort to doing

A

working for their previous owners

53
Q

What did southern planters replace gang labor with

A

wage labor system

54
Q

What familial culture did African Americans accept

A

domesticity

55
Q

What is the system in which freedmen worked as renters, exchanging their labor for the use of land, house, implements, or seed and fertilizer

A

Share cropping

56
Q

What did Crop-lien laws enforce?

A

Lender’s ownership rights to the crop share (middle man)

57
Q

What American system expanded to India, Egypt, Brazil, and West Africa

A

Share cropping

58
Q

Who exploited share croppers

A

Merchants

59
Q

How many black farmers were share croppers

A

3/4

60
Q

How many white farmers were share croppers

A

1/3

61
Q

What, contrary to Republican hopes, happened to the antebellum south’s economy

A

It was stagnant

62
Q

T/F: Ex-confederates accepted Republican legitimacy

A

False

63
Q

What was described as “strange, abnormal and unfit”

A

African Americans in public office

64
Q

What was a major familial law change in an antebellum south

A

Divorce was made more accessible

65
Q

What 2 groups joined through the Union League, a secret fraternal order

A

Black and White Republicans

66
Q

What was the Union Leauge

A

a grassroots wing of Radical Repulicanism

67
Q

What movement funded schools and supplies to formerly enslaved families to build economic security

A

Freedmen’s Aid Movement

68
Q

What is unique about universities such as His, Toulagoo, and the Hampton Institute

A

Focused on training teachers, established by the freedmen’s bureau

69
Q

Who are these in reference to, said by ex-confederates, “scalawags, carpetbaggers”

A

Those who supported African American education

70
Q

T/F: Many believed slavery only victimized blacks

A

False - slavery also victimized poorer whites

71
Q

What was the name of a steamer pilot who became a war hero after he escaped to the Union Navy, and was later elected into congress

A

Robert Smalls

72
Q

What is it that this white woman in Georgia called “a wonderful reform”

A

Southern state legislation that allowed married women to own land and work wage jobs

73
Q

Who were “crazy to learn”

A

Freedpeople

74
Q

What system allowed private companies to hire out prisoners to labor in mines and other industries

A

convict leasing

75
Q

What does this quote refer to “A man in this state cannot do his whole duty as a minister except he looks out for the political interest of his people”

A

Ministers becoming political spokesmen

76
Q

What do the “children of Israel” refer to

A

the special destiny of freepeople according to religious leaders

77
Q

T/F: Desegregation was not a concern during the reconstruction era

A

False

78
Q

What does this quote refer to: “I don’t want my children to be pounded by … white boys.”

A

Concerns of desegregation

79
Q

Which republican senator wrote a bill proposing desegregation

A

Charles Sumner

80
Q

What law does this quote refer to: “full and equal” access to hurt service and to transportation and public accommodations, irrespective of race

A

Civil Rights Act of 1875

81
Q

What year marked the waning of radical reconstruction

A

1874

82
Q

What state is referenced in the racist book The Prostate State as “black barbarism”

A

South Carolina

83
Q

T/F: Violence against blacks stopped as a result of radical reconstruction

A

False

84
Q

What caused the global recession of 1873

A

US and Germany ceased coining silver as money

85
Q

What type of companies were mainly affected by the depression?

A

Steel/Railroad

86
Q

What did “tramps” instill on American people

A

FEAR

87
Q

What happened to the Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Lost majority of its Federal support due to depression

88
Q

T/F: Corruption was not common in Southern States

A

False

89
Q

What private bank tragically collapsed due to the depression

A

The Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company

90
Q

What did Republicans believed was the government’s responsibility to do after the freedman’s savings and trust company collapsed

A

Step in

91
Q

What is the title given to people who believed in free trade, small government, low property taxes, and litigation of voting rights

A

Classic Liberalism

92
Q

What policy did classic liberalists propose

A

laissez faire

93
Q

What new party formed from classical liberalism

A

Liberal Republican

94
Q

Who was the Liberal Republican candidate in the 1872 election

A

Horace Greeley

95
Q

What was interesting about Greeley’s nomination

A

He was nominates by two parties, the liberal republicans and the democrats

96
Q

Who won the election of 1872

A

Ulysses S. Grant

97
Q

What did both democrats and liberal republicans agree on

A

freedmen were unfit to vote

98
Q

What does this quote refer to “can only mean in plain English the government of ignorance and vice”

A

denouncement of universal suffrage

99
Q

What scheme involved a corporation set up by shareholders to secure government grants at an enormous profit

A

Crédit Mobilier

100
Q

What did many criticize of the second Grant administration

A

Surrounded by scandal

101
Q

What governments were known as illegitimate “regimes” to ex-confederates

A

Southern reconstruction governmnets

102
Q

How did ex-confederates fight black communities

A

Using extreme violence

103
Q

What did southern democrats call their murderous and undemocratic violence toward black power

A

“Redemption”

104
Q

Who founded the Klu Klux Klan

A

Nathan Forest

105
Q

Who were the first targets of the Klu Klux Klan

A

Republican government of Tennessee

106
Q

T/F: The Klu Klux Klan was an extremist group that did not represent the beliefs of majority of Democrats, and acted on its own

A

False

107
Q

Why were Enforcement Laws made?

A

To combat the violence in the south

108
Q

What laws authorized federal prosecutions, military intervention, and martial law to suppress terrorist activity

A

Enforcement laws

109
Q

What happened in the congressional election of 1874

A

Democrats took half of Republican seats

110
Q

What does this quote refer to: “The election is not merely a victory but a revolution”

A

The democrats great success in the 1874 congressional election

111
Q

What did Grant start refusing to do

A

give military aid to souther Republicans

112
Q

What did the Slaughter-House Cases do

A

undercut the power of the Fourteenth amendment

113
Q

What cases struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875

A

Civil Rights Cases (1883)

114
Q

Who was the Republican nominee in the 1876 election

A

Rutherford B. Hayes

115
Q

Who was the democratic nominee in the 1876 election

A

Samuel J. Tilden

116
Q

What did both candidates of the 1876 favor

A

home rule for the south

117
Q

How was the 1876 election decided

A

Congress

118
Q

Why was the election of 1876 controversial?

A

Due to a gap in the constitution

119
Q

Who won the 1876 election

A

Hayes

120
Q

What caused the end of reconstruction

A

the new president ordered union soldiers to leave the south

121
Q

What was the justification for violent assumptions of power in the South

A

that the previous governments were illegitimate

Summer US History (13 decks)

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