Unit 5 Chapter 14

Question 1

Agricultural landscapes

Answer 1

resulting from the interaction between farming activities and a location’s natural environment.

Question 2

Agroecosystem

Answer 2

an ecosystem modified for agricultural use

Question 3

Deforestation

Answer 3

loss of forest lands and soil erosion

Question 4

Terracing

Answer 4

the process of carving plants of a hill or mountain side into small, level growing plots

Question 5

Reservoirs

Answer 5

are one common source of irrigation for crops in the U.S

Question 6

Aquifers

Answer 6

Layers of underground sand, gravel and rocks that contain and can release a useable amount of water are called aquifers.

Question 7

Wetlands

Answer 7

areas of land that are covered by or saturated with water (swamps)

Question 8

Desertification

Answer 8

a form of land degradation that occurs when soil deteriorates to a dessert-like condition.

Question 9

Biodiversity

Answer 9

the variety of organisms living in a location

Question 10

Salinization

Answer 10

the process by which water-soluble salts build up in the soil

Question 11

Debt-for-nature swaps

Answer 11

In exchange for local investment in conservation measures, the banks agree to forgive a portion of a country’s debt

Question 12

Biotechnology

Answer 12

the science of altering living organisms

Question 13

Agricultural biodiversity

Answer 13

describes the variety and variability of plants, animals and microorganisms that are used directly or indirectly for food and agriculture

Question 14

Precision agriculture

Answer 14

seen by some as fourth agricultural revolution. varitey of cutting edge technologies to apply inputs such as water with pinpoint accuracy.

Question 15

Food security

Answer 15

reliable access to safe nutritious food that can support a healthy and active lifestyle

Question 16

Food insecurity

Answer 16

the disruption of a household’s food intake or eating patterns because of poor access to food.

Question 17

suburbanization

Answer 17

the shifting of population from cities into surrounding suburbs

Question 18

Economy of scale

Answer 18

the reduced cost of producing food items as the quantity of production increases.

Question 19

How does slash and burn affect the landscape

Answer 19

can cause deforestation and soil erosion

Question 20

How does terracing affect the landscape

Answer 20

It makes unusable mountain land more productive

Question 21

How does draining wetlands affect the landscape

Answer 21

results in significant loss of habitat for fish, waterfowl and mammals

Question 22

Strategies to increase the world’s food supply

Answer 22

1) Increase exports from countries with surplus
2) Expanding the land area used for agriculture
3) Expanding fishing
4) Increasing the productivity of land now used for agriculture