Unit 5,6,7 Flashcards
Definition of Learning
Relatively permanent changes in environment-behavior relations due to different types of experiences.
Parsimonious
make the fewest assumptions
Explain how heroin is conditioned
US- Heroin -> UR- withdrawal/dysphoria
NS->drug cues >(pair)> US-> Compensatory response (UR)
CS- drug cues ->CR withdrawal
Preparatory response theory regarding heroin
The body prepares itself for the dose of heroin when it is exposed to drug cues.
Contingency in Pavlov conditioning/taste aversion
taste aversion is different as it only takes one CS-US pairing to be established even with a long delay.
contingency/
temporal contiguity/
reinforcer magnitude
definitions
(all things equal) the greater the contingency/temporal contiguity/magnitude between the responses and their consequences, the quicker and stronger the conditioning
Response effort
(all things equal) the lower the response effort, the quicker and stronger the conditioning
Variables of Operant conditioning
- contiguity
- temporal contiguity
- reinforcer magnitude
- response effort
Pos. rein. example for child tantrum
The child is given candy when it tantrums.
Neg. rein. example for child tantrum
The child is not given candy when it tantrums.
Extinction
- a schedule of 0 reinforcers being delivered .
- no response produces a reinforcer.
-withholding reinforcement
extinction burst
momentary (immediate) increase in
-frequency
-Magnitude/intensity
-duration
-variability (shaping)
-emotional responding
Premack principle (apply relative value theory)
High probability behaviors reinforce low probability behaviors
(doing homework so you can have free time)
Problem
refer to a situation where reinforcement is available, but the response necessary is not
Solution
response that produces reinforcement
what is the problem with using Insight?
It is a circular explanation.
CRF Properties
FR-1 (every response is reinforced
-fast acquisition
-high response rate
-good for shaping/teaching new behaviors
Five simple schedules
1.Contingency Reinforcement Schedule(CRF)
2.Fixed ratio (FR)
3.Variable ratio (VR)
4. Fixed interval (FI)
5. Variable Interval (VI)
FR Properties
fixed or set of number of responses is reinforced
FR-10 every 10th response it is reinforced.
-High response rate
-break and run pattern of responding
-has Post-reinforcement Pause
VR Properties
average number of responses reinforced
VR-10: on average every 10th response is reinforced.
-high, steady response
-No PRP except when there is no low FR
FI Properties
-the first response that occurs after a specific interval is reinforced
-FI 1min: after every min the response is reinforced
-moderately high response rate
-scallop shaped curve
VI Properties
-The first response after an average amount of time produces reinforcement
-VI 1 min: after every min on average the first response is reinforced
-low, steady rate of responding
-consistent responding
