Unit 4: Understanding Ears and Eyes Flashcards

1
Q

Name the sections of the eye:

A
Aqueous humour
Cornea
Pupil
Lens
Iris
Conjunctiva
Ciliary muscle
Suspensory Ligament 
Retina
Optic nerve
Macular
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the pupil?

A

The opening in the middle of the eye through which light passes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the Iris do?

A

Adjusts to control the amount of light entering through the pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do tear glands do?

A

Produce tears to lubricate the eye and defend against infections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does aqueous humour do?

A

Jelly like fluid that fills the eye. Keeps the eye’s shape and nourishes it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does the conjunctiva do?

A

A thin membrane that protects the cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the retina do?

A

Inner lining of the eye. Receives the light/images.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the macula?

A

The part of the retina that receives sharp images.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the optic nerve do?

A

The images are sent to the brain via this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the ciliary muscle do?

A

Enables the lense to stretch and squash to focus the light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are suspensory ligaments?

A

Attach the lens to the ciliary muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the lens do?

A

Focuses the light entering the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the parts of the ear:

A
Ear drum
Incus 
malleus
stapes 
semi circular canals
auditory nerve 
cochlea
oval window
round window
eustachian tube
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the ear drum?

A

Thin layer of tissue that receives sound vibrations and transmits them to the middle ear cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do the stapes, incus and malleus do?

A

Small bones that amplify the sound waves and transmit the vibrations across the middle ear to the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the cochlea?

A

Looks like a snail shell.

Vibrations pass through the fluid in the cochlea and are converted to messages to be sent to the brain.

17
Q

What is the organ of corti?

A

Rows of hair cells that convert sound vibrations into nerve impulses

18
Q

What is the Eustachian tube?

A

Connects middle ear to throat.

Ensures the pressure inside the ear is equal to the pressure outside the ear

19
Q

What is the round window?

A

Drum-like membrane

Vibrations from the oval window pass through into the cochlea

20
Q

What is the auditory nerve?

A

Bundle of nerve fibres that carry hearing information between cochlea and the brain

21
Q

What are the semi-circular canals and ampullae?

A

Motion sensors to help keep your balance

22
Q

What is Glaucoma?

A

Caused by a build up of pressure in the eye when fluid from the aqueous humour is unable to drain properly.
Develops slowly over years - blurred vision - blindness

23
Q

Risk factors for Glaucoma

A

Age
Ethnicity - African, Asian, Caribbean
Diabetes

24
Q

What is AMD?

A

Age-related Macular Degeneration is where the Macular part of the retina is damaged. Make sharp focus hard - reading and facial features

25
Risk factors of Glaucoma
Smoking High blood pressure Being overweight Family history
26
What is Cataracts?
Lens becomes cloudy/patchy leading to blurred or cloudy vision
27
Risk factors for cataracts
Diabetes Exposure to UV light Smoking Family history
28
What is Retinopathy?
Blood vessels in the eye damaged - by diabetes - leads to blindness
29
Risk factors for retinopathy
Diabetes - high blood sugar
30
Causes of deafness
Exposure to loud noises over years | Viral infections damage the auditory nerve or hair cells in ear ear.
31
Treatment for Glaucoma
Daily eye drops Regular monitoring Laser treatment to open up blocked tubes or reduce fluid production
32
Treatment for dry AMD
Stop smoking Eat green leafy vegetables Dietary supplements Support services to adapt to having sight problems
33
Treatment for wet AMD
Regular scans Injections into the eye Photodynamic therapy - destroy abnormal blood vessels
34
Treatment for cataracts
Surgery to remove the lens
35
treatment for retinopathy
Injections into eye Laser treatment Operation to remove scar tissue from eye
36
Treatment for hearing loss
Earwax can be sucked out or sorted with ear drops. Implants Different methods of communication may need to be learned