Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Parasitology > Unit 4 - Trematodes > Flashcards

Unit 4 - Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Adult trematodes are always found in the:

A

definitive host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Most trematode eggs are characterized by an:

A

operculum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do metacercariae encyst?

A

on vegetation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the general life cycle of the trematodes starting with the adult?

A
  1. adult
  2. egg
  3. miracidium
  4. cercaria
  5. metacercaria
  6. adult
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fasciola hepatica DH:

A

ruminants, pigs, horses, wide range of mammalian wild life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

IH for Fasciola hepatica:

A

lymnaeid snails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the site in the DH for Fasciola hepatica?

A

bile ducts, liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Acute clinical disease associated with Fasciola hepatica in which species?

A

primarily sheep and goats (from ingesting large numbers of metacercariae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are some of the chronic symptoms of Fasciola hepatica?

A
  • decreased feed intake
  • decreased weight gain
  • decreased milk production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common type of clinical disease associated with Fasciola hepatica?

A

chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Primarily, how do you diagnose trematode species?

A

eggs seen in fecal sedimentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Human infections with Fasciola hepatica can occur but are:

A

rare in the US

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DH for Fascioloides magna:

A

primarily cervids (i.e. deer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fascioloides magna DH site:

A

bile ducts, liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

IH for Fascioloides magna:

A

lymnaeid snails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metacercariae site for Fascioloides magna:

A

vegetation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Aberrant hosts for F. magna:

A

sheep, goats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the accidental/incidental/dead-end hosts for Fascioloides magna?

A

cattle, pigs, llamas, horses, moose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pathology in cervids for Fascioloides magna in natural DH:

A

unapparent

- flukes in thin-walled cysts w/ channels to bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pathology for F. magna in accidental hosts:

A
  • no channels
  • thick cysts
  • liver condemned
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Causes highly pathogenic, traumatic hepatitis in its aberrant hosts including hemorrhage, necrosis, and adhesive peritonitis:

A

Fascioloides magna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Paramphistomidae DH:

A

cattle, goats, sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Paramphistomidae site in DH:

A

rumen, reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Paramphistomidae IH:

A

aquatic snail (not all are lymnaeid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Usually non-pathogenic rumen flukes:
paramphistomidae
26
Dicrocoelium dendriticum DH:
sheep, cattle, goats
27
Primary sites for Dicrocoelium dendriticum in DH:
liver, gall bladder, bile ducts
28
1st IH for Dicrocoelium denditicum:
land snail
29
2nd IH for Dicrocoelium dendriticum:
metacercariae in ants
30
Has embryonated eggs in feces:
D. dendriticum, Platynosomum spp.
31
Advanced infections of Dicrocoelium dendriticum cause:
- hepatic cirrhosis - proliferation of bile duct epithelium - condemned livers
32
How do humans become accidentally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum?
accidental ingestion of ant (rare)
33
Platynosomum spp. DH:
domestic/wild cats
34
Platynosomum spp. site of infection DH:
bile and pancreatic ducts, liver, gallbladder
35
1st IH for Platynosomum spp:
land snail
36
2nd IH for Platynosomum spp:
isopods (pill bugs), wood lice
37
3rd IH for Platynosomum spp.:
lizards, toads, geckos
38
Where do metecercariae encyst?
on vegetation
39
What life cycle stage encysts on vegetation for ingestion by the DH for Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola magna?
metacercariae
40
What is unique about the Alaria spp. lifecycle?
transmammary transmission
41
How are Heterobilharzia amercana unique from the rest of the trematodes?
dioecious
42
DH for Paragonimus kellicotti:
dogs, cats, pigs, muskrats, mink, wild/domestic carnivores, occasionally humans
43
1st IH for Paragonimus kellicotti:
aquatic snails
44
2nd IH for Paragonimus kellicotti:
crayfish
45
Paratenic host for Paragonimus kellicotti:
rodents
46
What is the DH site for Paragonimus kellicotti?
lung parenchyma (encysted)
47
What are some of the more prominent clinical signs of Paragonimus kellicotti?
- deep coughing - dyspnea - hemoptysis
48
What can you see on radiographs that allows for the diagnosis of Paragonimus kellicotti?
pulmonary cysts (adult stage)
49
What can you find at necropsy that allows for appropriate diagnosis of Paragonimus kellicotti?
reddish brown adults encysted in lungs
50
How do people occasionally become infected with Paragonimus kellicotti?
ingesting undercooked crayfish
51
DH for Nanophyetus salmincola:
raccoon, mink, fox, coyote, dog, cat, piscivorous birds, piscivorous mammals, humans (rare)
52
1st IH for Nanophyetus salmincola:
aquatic snails
53
2nd IH for Nanophyetus salmincola:
fish, Pacific giant salamanders
54
DH site for Nanophyetus salmincola:
small intestine
55
2nd IH site for Nanophyetus salmincola:
kidneys, muscle, fins, other organs
56
What's a unique feature of Nanophyetus salmincola?
NO extra-intestinal migration; develop to adults in SI
57
Are the Nanyophyetus salmincola eggs embryonated?
NO
58
Where can you find Paragonimus kellicotti eggs in the host?
fecal sed/float AND in the lungs (fluid/sputum/transtracheal wash)
59
Which stage of the trematode Nanophyetus salmincola develops in the fish IH (2nd IH)?
metacercariae
60
N. salmonica adults in the canine DH can cause what clinical signs?
bloody diarrhea, sudden fever, persistent vomiting, ocular discharge
61
How do you diagnose Nanophyetus salmonica in dogs?
clinical signs, lymph node aspirations, and trematode eggs in feces
62
How do people get infected with Nanophyetus spp.?
eating undercooked fish
63
DH for Alaria spp.:
cats, dogs, wide range of carnivores
64
1st IH for Alaria spp.:
aquatic snails
65
2nd IH for Alaria spp:
tadpoles
66
Paratenic hosts for Alaria spp:
frogs, snakes, mice, mammals
67
What is the site in the DH for Alaria spp?
small intestine or mammary glands in the lactating cat
68
Instead of the metacercariae, Alaria spp. has what trematode life cycle stage?
mesocercariae
69
Diagnosis of PHF:
clinical signs, isolation of N. risticii, and Ab titers
70
Heterobilharzia americana DH:
raccoons (natural DH), dogs, bobcats, nutria, opossum, Florida panther, beaver, horses, llama, other mammals
71
IH for Heterobilharzia americana:
lymnaeid snails
72
DH site for Heterobilharzia americana:
hepatic portal and mesenteric veins
73
What does H. americana cause in the canine DH?
canine schistosomiasis
74
Pathology of H. americana in the canine DH?
- severe granulomatous inflammation - fibrosis - mineralization - death
75
What are some of the clinical signs associated with Heterobilharzia americana?
bloody diarrhea, vomiting, normal CBC (possibly hypercalcemia)
76
How do you diagnose Heterobilharzia americana via the eggs?
- fecal sedimentation with SALINE - fecal PCR - biopsy - radiographs
77
Which trematodes encyst on vegetation (3)?
1. Fasciola hepatica 2. Fascioloides magna 3. Paramphitomum spp.
78
Which trematodes encyst in the intermediate host (5 examples given)?
1. D. dendriticum - ants 2. P. fastosum - lizards 3. P. kellicotti - crayfish 4. N. salmincola - salmon 5. Alaria spp (mesocercariae**) - frogs, etc.
79
Also known as the "liver fluke", fascioliasis, or "liver rot":
Fasciola hepatica
80
Where in North America is Fasciola hepatica found?
Gulf Coast & SE U.S.
81
Also known as the "deer liver fluke" or the "Large American liver fluke"
Fascioloides magna

Parasitology (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions