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Parasitology > Unit 2 - Diptera > Flashcards

Unit 2 - Diptera Flashcards

1
Q

What are the general characteristics of Diptera?

A
  • true flies “two winged”

- complex metamorphosis

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2
Q

Parasitism by fly larvae that can be termed by tissue location

A

Myiasis

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3
Q

Involves fly species whose larvae are always parasitic (screwworms & botflies); require living host for development:

A

Obligatory myiasis

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4
Q

Larvae can either be free-living or parasitic; opportunistic; have the ability to exploit living tissue:

A

Facultative myiasis

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5
Q

What is the main parasitic stage in a Diptera lifecycle?

A

larvae

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6
Q

Location of G. intestinalis eggs:

A

legs, shoulders

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7
Q

Location of G. nasalis eggs:

A

intermandibular region

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8
Q

Location of G. haemorrhoidalis eggs:

A

lips

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9
Q

Where in the host are Gasterophilus intestinalis larvae (bots) found?

A

nonglandular stomach

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10
Q

Where in the host are Gasterophilus nasalis larvae (bots) found?

A

pylorus and duodenum

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11
Q

Where in the host are Gasterophilus hemorrhaidlis larvae (bots) found?

A

duodenum and rectum

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12
Q

Gasterophilus

A

Horse bots

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13
Q

Pathogenesis of Gasterophilus spp.

A

little path - some stomach rupture, splenic abscess, peritonitis

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14
Q

Diagnosis and treatment of horse bots?

A

remove feces and attached eggs

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15
Q

List some of the common names for Cuterebra:

A

rabbit bots, rabbit warbles, rodent bots

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16
Q

What are some common hosts for Cuterebra spp?

A

rodents, squirrels, rabbits, dogs, cats, etc.

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17
Q

Important point about the Cuterebra life cycle:

A

adults lay eggs in host habitat

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18
Q

Cuterebra pathogenesis:

A

larvae get into fur and enter via natural opening; burrow into SQ

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19
Q

Cattle grubs

A

hypoderma

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20
Q

Common names for adult hypoderma?

A

heel flies, gad flies, warble flies

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21
Q

Common names for Hypoderma larvae?

A

grubs, warbles, wolves

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22
Q

How are Hypoderma lineatum eggs laid on host?

A

in rows on legs

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23
Q

How are Hypoderma bovis eggs laid on host?

A

singly on legs

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24
Q

Where in the host are H. lineatum larvae (grubs) found?

A

esophagus

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25
Q

Where in the host are H. bovis larvae (grubs) found?

A

spinal cord

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26
Q

Hypoderma pathogenesis:

A

injury when + trying to escape flies; production/value loss

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27
Q

Hypoderma tx:

A

immediately after fly activity stops and with Macrocyclic lactones

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28
Q

Sheep nasal fly bot/sheep nose bot/sheep gadfly/sheep botfly/etc.

A

Oestrus ovis

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29
Q

Common host of Oestrus ovis:

A

sheep

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30
Q

Clinical signs of Oestrus ovis:

A

usually subclinical - sometimes sneezing, nasal discharge, blockage

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31
Q

Important point about Oestrus ovis life cycle:

A

all stages occur in the nasal cavity

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32
Q

Tx for this bot fly is typically not necessary:

A

Oestrus ovis

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33
Q

Primary screwworm fly:

A

Cochliomyia hominovorax

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34
Q

Secondary screwworm fly:

A

Cochliomyia macellaria

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35
Q

List some types of blowflies that cause cutaneous myiasis:

A

1o and 2o blowflies (Phaenicia, Phormia, Lucilia)

36
Q

Common names for face flies (Musca autumnalis):

A

raven fly, yellow bellies

37
Q

What is the veterinary importance of Musca autumnalis (face flies)?

A
  • can transmit eye worm thelazia

- perform mechanical and biological transmission

38
Q

Major problem in chicken houses, dairy barns, and swine operations

A

Musca domestica (house flies)

39
Q

Veterinary importance of Musca domestica?

A

pathogen transmission

40
Q

stable fly, dog fly

A

Stomoxys

41
Q

horn fly

A

Haemotobia

42
Q

horse fly

A

Tabanus

43
Q

deer fly

A

Chrysops

44
Q

sheep ked

A

Melophagus

45
Q

deer keds - also attach horses, etc.

A

Lipoptena

46
Q

horse louse flies

A

Hippobosca

47
Q

As adults, Muscidae are:

A

blood feeders

48
Q

Stomoxys site of infection on host:

A

backs of cows, dairy cattle, dogs, horses, humans

49
Q

Haemotobia site of infection:

A

beef cattle, horses

50
Q

Stomoxys repro activity?

A

breed in manure w/ fee

51
Q

Haemotobia repro activity?

A

breed in manure only

52
Q

Have large eyes (“green heads”) and livestock fighting them off may not graze well:

A

Horse flies (Tabanus)

53
Q

Have banded wings; larvae feed on organic matter in soil:

A

Deer flies (Chrysops)

54
Q

What’s true of the adult flies in the Tabanidae family (Tabanus and Chrysops)?

A

only adult females are blood feeders

55
Q

Vector for malaria:

A

anopheline (nonhuman primates, man, birds) and/or culicine (birds)

56
Q

Malaria vertebrate hosts:

A

birds, nonhuman primates, man

57
Q

Organism for malaria:

A

plasmodium

58
Q

Organism for heartworm:

A

D. immitis

59
Q

Vertebrate host for heartworm:

A

dogs (mainly)

60
Q

Heartworm vectors:

A

anopheline, culicine

61
Q

Organisms for elephantiasis:

A

Wuchereria, Brugia

62
Q

Vertebrate host for elephantiasis:

A

Wuchereria - man

Brugia - man, primates, dog, cats

63
Q

Vectors for elephantiasis:

A

mosquitos

64
Q

Organism for yellow fever:

A

virus

65
Q

Vertebrate host for yellow fever:

A

nonhuman primates and man

66
Q

Vector for yellow fever:

A

culicine

67
Q

Organisms for equine encephalitides (EEE, WEE, VEE):

A

virus(es)

68
Q

Vertebrate host for equine encephalitides:

A

equines, humans, etc.

69
Q

Vector for equine encephalitides:

A

various

70
Q

Mosquito genera of importance:

A

Anophelinae, culicinae

71
Q

Mosquito breeding sites:

A

usually require water

72
Q

Only females are blood feeders; not all are parasitic:

A

mosquitos

73
Q

Mosquito importance regarding direct disease:

A

nuisance, allergies, blood loss

74
Q

Mosquito importance regarding indirect disease:

A

nematodes, viruses, protozooans, etc.

75
Q

Mosquito importance regarding medicine:

A

1 vector of human importance

76
Q

Lay egg rafts, standing water breeders/flood water

A

Culicoides

77
Q

1/2 spp. feed on mammals, 1/2 feed on birds, and some on reptiles and amphibians:

A

Culicoides

78
Q

Which mosquito species is a vector for heartworm, encephalitis, yellow fever, and chikanguya?

A

Culicoides

79
Q

Also known as biting midges, biting gnats, etc:

A

Culicoides

80
Q

Also know as black flies, buffalo gnats, etc:

A

Simulium

81
Q

small stout-bodies mosquitoes with a hump on their thorax, short antennae, breed in running water, and are known as daytime biters:

A

Simulium

82
Q

What diseases can Simulium mosquitoes be a vector for?

A

vesicular stomatitis, onchoceriasis, avian hemosporidians

83
Q

Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus:

A

sand flies

84
Q

Small, dull-colored, nocturnal mosquitoes that are weak flies:

A

Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus

85
Q

Vet med importance of Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus?

A

vesicular stomatitis, Leishmania

86
Q

Kissing Bugs

A

Trypanasoma cruzi

Parasitology (13 decks)

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