unit 4 lo6 Flashcards
(42 cards)
what is the function of the pupil?
an opening in the middle of the iris that allows light to be transmitted into the retina
what is the function of the iris?
the coloured part of the eye that helps control the amount of light that enters the light
what are the function of the tear glands?
produces liquid to moisten the surface of the eye
what is the function of the humours/fluids ?
the fluid that fills the space in the eye that lies between the cornea and the iris
what is the function of the conjuctiva?
the thin membrane that covers the outer surface of the eye and inside of the eyeballs
what is the function of the cornea?
the outer layer that covers the front of the eyr
what is the function of the retina?
the lining at the back of the eye that contains cells which are sensitive to light
what is the function of the macula?
part of the retina at the back of the eye and it is responsible for the detailed central and colour vision.
what is the function of the optic nerve?
situated at the back of the eye and transmits electrical impulses to the brain whic interpretates the message to images
What are the ciliary muscles?
a circular muscle that is located in the eyes middle layer that enables the lens to change shape for focusing on near and distant objects.
what is the function of the lens?
This is located behind the pupil in the eye which enables vision by focusing the light that enters the eye onto the retina
what is the cause of retinopathy?
a complication of diabetes
high blood sugar can damage the blood vessels overtime which start to bleed into the eye. scar tissue and new weak blood vessels start to grow over the retina, stopping light hitting the retina and causing loss of vision
what are the symptoms of retinopathy?
shapes floating in your field of vision
blurred or patchy vision
sudden vision loss
eye pain or redness
what are the risk factors of retinopathy?
diabetes
high blood pressure
high cholesterol
pregnant
how is retinopathy monitored/diagnosed?
diabetic eye screening
photos of the retina are taken
how can retinopathy be treated?
Laser treatment which removes the new blood vessels growing at the back of the eye. cannot make vision better but can stop it getting worse
eye injections to stop new blood vessels forming in the back of the eye
eye surgery to remove blood and scar tissue from the eye
how is age related macular degeneration caused?
aging on the macular where the blood vessels become weaker and stop supplying oxygen to this part of the eye
what are the symptoms of AMD?
seeing straight lines as wavy or crooked
objects looking smaller than usual
colours seeming less bright
how is AMD monitored and diagnosed?
a magnifying glass and a light to look for damage on the macula and a vision test to check for distortions in gaps of vision
how is AMD treated?
eye injections every one or two months until it stops getting worse but can cause irritation and bleeding in the eye
photodynamic therapy where a light is shined into the back of the eye to destroy the abnormal blood vessels which cause wet AMD and will need to be repeated every few months
how is glaucoma caused?
fluid building up in the front part of the eye which therefore increases the pressure inside of the eye
what are the symptoms of glaucoma ?
affects your peripheral vision
may see rainbow colour circles
how is glaucoma monitored / diagnosed?
eye pressure test where a small amount of dye is put into the eye and a puff of air is blown in
optic nerve assessment as glucoma damages the optic nerve so the back of the eye is examined
visual field test which checks for missing areas of vision. they have to press a button to indicate which light spots they can see
how is glaucoma treated?
eye drops which reduce pressure in the eye. more than one may need to be used at the same time
surgery which involves removing part of the eye drainage tubes to allow fluid to drain more easily. most people will no longer need to use eye drops after and they shouldnt be in much pain
