Unit 4: Growth of Ultranationalism Flashcards
What is Ultranationalism?
An extreme form of nationalism
What is a tendency of ultranationalisits?
Move from valueing own nation and values to hostility toward people of other nations, may also include elements of racism and fanaticism and fear of other who challenge beliefs
What are two characterisitcs of Ultranationalists?
Promote their own national economic, social, and cultural intrests while ignoring others intrests
this exaggerated form of nationalism can inspire people to invade and take over other countries
How did the russian revolutino lead to rise of Stalin
The russian revolution in 1918 led to civil war between pro and anit-czar forces
Joshepg Stalin emerges as Russias Leader (1928)
Confiscared farmers’ land and created collective farms owned by the state
What were the results of Russian ultranationalism?
Those who objected were sent to Siberian Labour camps
Ukranian farmers refused stalin and their crops were taken and up to 10million Ukransians starved to death in 1930’s
What is propganda?
Info and ideas that spread to achieve a specific goal - is often dishonest, misleading, minuplates emotoin such as fear
What are some methods of propoganda?
Play down own failures, use words to hide truth, use respected symbols, appeal to peoples emotions
What is indocrination?
Repeating a word over and over to the point that people stop questioning the governmetns objectives
What are examples of propganda Stalin used?
Posters, Slogans, Speeches, Articles, Banners
How did Hitler utilize propganda?
Used newspapers, radio,film along with Joseph Goebbles as minister of public enlightenment and propoganda
Who was Jospeh Goebbels?
Hitlers, minister of public enightenment and propganda
Controlled all forms of media
Convinced German people they were superior and Jews were evil
What are some ways ultranationalism develops?
Social and economic crises
Emergence of a charismatic authoritarian leader
National traditions and myths that promote feelings of superiority
How did ultranationalism develop in the 1930’s?
Countires in Crisis - great depression, and NY Stock market crash caused economic turmoil
What factors specifficaly in Germany lead to WW2?
Hit hard by effects of Stock Market Crash known as Black Tuesday
great depression was ecpessicaly difficult because of treaty of versailles
Extreme inflation caused by great depression had dramatic effects
How did WW1 contribute to hitlers rise?
People needed strong leadership, Hitler ruled as a dictator suspended freedom of press and assembly
What lead to ultranationalism in Japan?
Japanese exports to USA and Europe fell during the great depression
Failed rice crop lead to mass famine
Japan invades Manchuria for it’s raw resources and markets for Japense products
Why was Hitler so impactful?
Charistmatic and Driven Leader
- Inspireed enthusiasim
- Put fear into those who questioned him
- Used deadly force against those who opposed him
What was Hitlers big promise?
To restore germany to worlds leading nation, which affectivly drew followers toward him
How did the Nazis utlize propoganda?
Propoganda was used to maintain Hitlers image, carefully placed messages to influence Germans
Who were the two leaders in Japan?
Hirohito and Tojo
What political changes happend in Japan pre-WW2?
Ultranationalists rid Japan of Democracy installed a one-party state ruled by military
What were the social changes in Germany that led to increased support for the Nazis?
Everyone were tought Nazi values, teachings that opposed theses were forbidden, history books rewritten to glorify Germany
What was the Night of the Broken Glass or Kristallnacht
Group of Nazi nationalists destroy thousands of Jewish synagogues, businesses, community centres and homes throughout germany and austria
Arrested and beat up Jewish people, vandalized cemeteries
What were the anti-jewish laws?
Basic rights of Jews stripped by Hitler:
No longer property or businesses
Forbidden to own vehicle or have license
Jewish children couldnt attend schools or uni
Couldnt be doctors, lawyers or uni profs.
What was the ultranationalist call of germans?
‘Master Race’ - called to rebulid empire, the third Reich
Nazis sought to rid anyone who didnt uphold nazi values - jews, homosexuals, mentally/physically handicaped, blacks, slovaks, catholics
What were the ultranationalist values is Japan?
Return to ancient values including worship of the emperor and belief that japanese people are superior
Why did no one oppose ultranationalism?
Didnt want to trigger massive second world war - lead to appeasment policy (giving into demands)
Why did appeasment fail?
Because Hitler takes all of Czechoslovakia breaking deal that germany wont expand past granted land
What happens in Italy before WW2?
Benito Mussolinin establishes self as dictator of Italy, rules through fear, suppresses opposition, instilles absolute loyalty, wishes to conquer territory