Chapter 7 Voccab Flashcards
Q: What is isolationism?
A: Isolationism is a foreign policy where a country avoids involvement in international affairs and prioritizes self-reliance.
Q: What is unilateralism?
A: Unilateralism is when a country takes action on its own without the involvement or agreement of other nations.
Q: What is bilateralism?
A: Bilateralism is when two countries make an agreement or take action together, usually in the form of treaties or trade.
Q: What is multilateralism?
A: Multilateralism is when multiple countries work together on an issue, often through international organizations or agreements.
Q: What is supranationalism?
A: Supranationalism refers to organizations or actions that transcend national borders, where countries work together beyond their own interests (e.g., EU, UN).
Q: What is internationalism?
A: Internationalism is the principle or policy of cooperation and interaction between countries to achieve common goals, such as peace or global welfare.
Q: What are economic sanctions?
A: Economic sanctions are penalties or restrictions imposed by one country (or group of countries) on another to influence its behavior, often through trade restrictions or financial measures.
Q: What is collective security?
A: Collective security is an arrangement where a group of nations agree to act together to prevent or respond to aggression against any member state.
Q: What is gross national income (GNI)?
A: GNI is the total value of all goods and services produced by a country’s residents, including income from abroad, over a specific period of time.
Q: What is tied aid?
A: Tied aid refers to foreign assistance provided to a country with the condition that the recipient must spend the aid on goods or services from the donor country.
Q: What is voluntary balkanization?
A: Voluntary balkanization is when a country or region voluntarily splits into smaller, independent states based on cultural, ethnic, or political differences.
Q: What is absolute poverty?
A: Absolute poverty is the condition where individuals or families lack the basic necessities of life, such as food, shelter, and clean water.
Q: What is odious debt?
A: Odious debt refers to national debt incurred by a regime for purposes that do not benefit the people, making it illegitimate or immoral to expect repayment.
Q: What is sovereignty?
A: Sovereignty is the authority of a state to govern itself without external interference, maintaining control over its territory and political decisions.
Q: What is the UN?
A: The UN (United Nations) is an international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, social progress, and cooperation among member countries.
Q: What is NATO?
A: NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is a military alliance formed in 1949 to provide collective security for its members, primarily against Soviet expansion during the Cold War.
Q: What is prestige?
A: Prestige refers to the respect and admiration a country or individual earns on the global stage, often due to their accomplishments, power, or influence.
Q: What are colonial empires?
A: Colonial empires are territories controlled by a foreign power, often established through conquest and exploitation of resources and people.
Q: What are isolationist policies?
A: Isolationist policies are foreign policies that prioritize non-involvement in the political and military affairs of other nations, focusing on internal affairs.
Q: What are spheres of influence?
A: Spheres of influence refer to regions or areas where a particular country has dominant control or influence, often over political, economic, or military affairs.
Q: What are multilateral agreements?
A: Multilateral agreements are treaties or agreements involving three or more countries that work together to address common issues, such as trade or security.
Q: What is international cooperation?
A: International cooperation is when countries collaborate to address global challenges or pursue mutual interests, such as peace, economic growth, or environmental protection.
Q: What is containment?
A: Containment is a foreign policy strategy used during the Cold War to prevent the spread of communism by limiting the influence of the Soviet Union and its allies.
Q: What is neutrality?
A: Neutrality is a policy of not taking sides in conflicts between other countries, maintaining impartiality and avoiding military involvement.
Q: What is deterrence?
A: Deterrence is a strategy to prevent adversaries from taking hostile actions by threatening retaliation, often used in nuclear policy.
Q: What is appeasement?
A: Appeasement is a diplomatic policy of making concessions to an aggressor in order to avoid conflict, often seen as ineffective when dealing with expansionist powers.
Q: What is idealism?
A: Idealism is a foreign policy approach focused on promoting moral values and humanitarian goals, such as peace and justice, in international relations.
Q: What are alliances?
A: Alliances are agreements between countries to support one another in military, political, or economic matters, often formed to address shared threats or goals.
What is prosperity?
A: Prosperity refers to a nation’s overall economic well-being, characterized by wealth, growth, and the ability to provide for its citizens.
Q: What is contagion?
A: Contagion refers to the spread of political, economic, or social instability from one country to others, often resulting in regional or global crises.
Q: What is humanitarianism?
A: Humanitarianism is the belief and practice of promoting human welfare, including providing aid to those in need, such as during natural disasters or humanitarian crises.
