Unit 4 - Cell Cycle Episode 1 Flashcards
Genetic Information must be copied
Copies of genetic information must be separated
Cell must divide
Cell Reproduction
Single, circularly arranged chromosomes are replicated
Identical copies are attached to the plasma membrane
Prokaryotes
Grows and gradually separation into two chromosomes
A new cell wall forms between two chromosomes
Prokaryotes
PROKARYOTES - Cell Results
Two cells with an identical copy of a chromosome
Each bacterium can divide every ___________; a single bacteria may produce millions or billions of descendants in a matter of ___________.
20 minutes; 10-20 hours
- DNA replication
- Copy separation
- Cytoplasm division
More complex in ______
Eukaryotes
EUKARYOTES - Results
Two genetically identical daughter
Autosomes no. of pairs
22 pairs
Sex chromosomes no. of pairs
1 pair
two sets of genetic information
not all eukaryotic cells are ____
Diploid
one set of genetic information
sperm cells, egg cells, spores
Haploid
THREE ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF
FUNCTIONAL CHROMOSOME
Centromere
Pair of Telomeres
Origin of Replication
attachment point of spindle microtubules
(filaments responsible for moving chromosomes during cell division)
constricted region that stains less strongly than the rest of the chromosome
Centromere
natural tips or ends of the linear chromosomes
stabilizes the chromosome ends
Pair of Telomeres
it is where the DNA synthesis begins
Origin of Replication
sequence of activities as a cell prepares for
division and then divides
Cell Cycle
Cell Cycle - Two Major Stages
Interphase
M phase / Mitotic
Non dividing Stage
Interphase
Dividing Stage
M phase / Mitotic
cell duplicates its chromosomes, then apportions one set into each of two resulting daughter cells
somatic cells
MITOSIS
half the amount of genetic material in
somatic cells
germ sex cells
MEIOSIS
prokaryotic cells | Binary Fission
Reproduction
normal wear and tear accidents
Renewal Or Repair
gives rise to two somatic cells from one
Mitosis