Unit 4 - AOS 3 - Chronic Adaptations Flashcards
Name Aerobic Cardiovascular chronic adaptations
- Increased left ventricle size and volume
- Increased capillarisation of heart muscle
- Increased stroke volume
- Decreased resting and submax HR and faster recovery HR
- Decreased HR during submax workloads
- Increased Cardiac output at Max intensity
- Decreased blood pressure
- Increased Blood Volume (plasma, RBC)
- Increased LIP
- Increased Arterio-venous oxygen Difference
Aerobic - Cardiac Hypertrophy
Cardiovascular
- Increased size of left ventricular cavity
-> Increase volume of blood which can enter heat
Aerobic - Capillary density
Cardiovascular
- Increase in amount of capillaries in heart itself
-> increases blood flow
Aerobic - Cardiac Output (Max intensity)
Cardiovascular
- volume of blood pumped by the heart per min (HR x SV)
->Any increases in the Cardiac output at maximal intensity are due to an increase in Heart rate as the stroke volume has reached its filling capacity of the heart after submax. Increases blood flow.
Name aerobic respiratory chronic adaptations
- Increased Pulmonary diffusion
- Increase Lung Minute Ventilation
- Decreased resting and submax respiratory frequency
- Increased tidal volume
Name aerobic muscular chronic adaptations
- Increased Myoglobin levels
- Increase muscular fuel stores (glycogen)
- Increased oxidative enzymes
- Increased Fuel enzymes (lipolytic & glycolytic)
- Increase oxidation of glycogen and triglycerides
- Increased mitochondria size, number and density
What is the combined aerobic chronic adaptation?
Increased Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max)
= “The volume of oxygen consumed, transported and utilised by body per ml/min/kg.
Name anaerobic cardiovacular chronic adaptations
- Increased cardiac hypertrophy (increased thickness of left ventricle wall
Name ATP-PC (anaerobic) Muscular chronic adaptations (x2)
- Increased muscle stores of ATP and PC
- Increased activity of ATP-PC system enzymes (ATPase)
Name Anaerobic Glycolysis (anaerobic) Muscular chronic adaptations (x3)
- Increased Glycogen Stores
- Increased Glycolytic enzyme stores and activity
- Increased Lactate tolerance
Name resistance training (anaerobic) Muscular chronic adaptations (x3)
- Increased muscular hypertrophy (myofibrils)
- Increased motor unit recruitment
- Increased fast twitch fibres (type 2)
VO2 Max
Aerobic - all three systems
Cardiac Output Q x a-VO2 diff
(Maximum oxygen uptake)