Unit 3 - AOS 2 - Acute responses to exercise Flashcards
Increased Respiratory rate
(Respiratory)
Number of breaths per minute
Increased Tidal Volume
(Respiratory)
Volume of air breathed in per breath
Increased Ventilation
(Respiratory)
Volume of air breathed in per minute
RR x TV = V
- avg of 12 breaths per minute
Increased Venous return and how it is increased
(Cardiovascular)
The blood returning to the heart via the venous system
-
Muscle pump = muscles contract and surrounding veins pump blood back to the heart. (valves prevent backflow)
- Respiratory pump = abdominal pressure of the diaphragm empties blood in abdomen towards heart
- Vasoconstriction at organs - increasing venous return from muscles and towards heart
Increased Oxygen Uptake
(respiratory)
Increased in the amount of oxygen that is taken in, transported and utalised for energy production
Increased Pulmonary diffusion
(Respiratory)
Is the gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide from the alveolar and their capillary interface
Increased Heart Rate
(cardiovascular)
Number of beats of the heart per minute
Increased Stroke Volume
(Cardiovascular)
Volume of blood pumped per beat of the heart
Increased Cardiac output
(Cardiovascular)
Volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
HR x SV = Q
Increased Venous return
(Cardiovascular)
The blood returning to the heart via the venous system
Increased a-V02 Difference
(Cardiovascular)
The difference in the concentration of oxygen in the arterial blood (to the muscles, *arteries) and venous (away from muscles, *veins) blood after being used in the muscles.
Decreased Blood Volume
(Cardiovascular)
- Due to plasma loss
- Decreased ability to transport o2 rich RBC’s to working muscles (decreased performance)
- Sweating = Less plasma = Thicker blood
Systolic Blood Pressure
(Cardiovascular)
The amount of pressure exerted from blood on the artery walls when the heart is contracting
Diastolic Pressure
(Cardiovascular)
The amount of pressure exerted from the blood on the artery walls when the heart is relaxing
Increased Motor unit recruitment
(Muscular)
The number and frequency of motor units recruited for muscle contractions.
- Consists of one motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates
- Either increasing the number of motor units stimulated
OR - By increasing the frequency of messages to arrive at the motor unit
Increased Muscle Temperature
(Muscular)
The degree or intensity of heat present in muscles
Increased Lactate
(Muscular)
Increase in lactate production last LIP
Decreased energy substrate stores
(Muscular)
Depletion of CP, ATP, glycogen and triglycerides
All the respiratory acute responses to exercise
- increased tidal volume
- increased respiratory rate
- increased ventilation
- increased oxygen uptake (VO2)
- increased pulmonary diffusion
O2 deficit
Occurs due to the large time of the aerobic system
- I’m imbalance of demand and supply ( higher demand )
- anaerobic energy system utilised
Steady state
O2 supply and demand are equal
- aerobic steady state ( little reliance on anaerobic )
- can only maintain steady state up until last point before lip
Venous return increased by …
- Muscle pump : muscles contract, surrounding veins pump blood back to ❤️. Valves in veins prevent back flow
- Respiratory pump : abdominal pressure increases as diaphragm contracts, thus, emptying blood in thorax and abdomen towards ❤️
- Vasoconstriction: reduces capacity of venous system pushing more blood towards ❤️
Increased blood flow
- increased blood flow to working skeletal muscles
- vasodilation at muscles and vasoconstriction at organs
Increasing yield of ATP for aerobic system
Increased muscular enzyme activity
- increased the rate of the chemical breakdown of CP, glycogen and fats.
More enzymes = faster rate of fuel source breakdown and there ATP hydrolysis
