Unit 3-Lymphatic System Worksheet Flashcards
Describe the lymphatic vessels.
Vessels that contain lymph and collect at the back of the heart
flow in one direction
What is the purpose of lymphatic vessels?
Returning fluid back to the bloodstream
What kind of cells are CONTAINED within lymphoid tissues & organs?
- Phagocytic cells
- lymphocytes
What is the purpose of lymphoid tissues and organs?
An immune purpose
T/F: In regards to lymphoid tissues & organs, only filtering of blood occurs.
False, some filtering for blood and some filtering of lymph occurs
Describe lymph.
- Fluid in the lymphatic system; mechanism used to get blood back into the bloodstream
- this fluid will leak out of capillaries and end up in interstitial space and then leak into lymphatic capillaries
Describe what lymph is contained in.
Lymph is contained within the vessels
Identify another substance that lymph is similar to
Lymph is a fluid that is similar to plasma
Describe the movement of lymph
Will be drained by veins and then return to circulation
What are the components of the lymphatic system?
- Lymphoid tissues & organs
- lymph
- lymphatic vessels
Describe the fluid that can be found in interstitial. (Hint: answer in context of lymphatic vessels)
- Fluid from interstitial space gets into lymphatic system and then will be pushed under low pressure
- All of the fluid will then collect near the back of the heart
Where will the lymphatic vessels connect to blood vessels?
Near the back of the heart
What marcomolecule can be found in the fluid in interstitial space?
Proteins
What happens to the protein rich fluid that is in the lymphatic vessels?
The protein rich fluid that get into the lymphatic vessels will eventually get dumped into the circulatory system.
( This flow describes how we get proteins into circulation)
What does the protein rich fluid create?
- Osmotic pressure, this pressure helps in the regulation of fluid that moves in and out of the blood capillaries.
- Maintaining blood volume (blood volume links back to blood pressure)
T/F: Lymphatic vessels do not have a pump and function under super high pressure.
False: Lymphatic vessels do not have a pump BUT they function under LOW pressure
Describe the composition of lymphatic capillaries.
- Small single cell layer of loosely overlapping endothelial cells( squamous et)
- dead ended
- Slightly larger than blood capillaries
Why are lymphatic capillaries leaky/permeable?
Because these cells LOOSLEY overlap one another.
What purpose do collagen filaments serve regarding lymphatic capillaries?
Collagen filaments are going to anchor the lymphatic capillaries and hold these cells in place.
Where do the lymphatic capillaries empty into?
Into lymphatic collecting vessels
Describe the movement of fluid into the capillaries.
- When pressure is higher in the interstitial space than the fluid inside the capillary -> fluid can then enter into the capillary
- Pressure is created when there is a build up of fluid in the capillaries, these actions then cause the fluid to move foward
Where are lymphatic organs found?
In digestive organs, NOT in bones or nervous system
Under what conditions do the mini valves open or close?
Based on the amount of fluid/pressure
T/F: Mini valves allow large proteins to move in.N
true
Under what conditions will mini valves open under?
When interstitial fluid pressure is high
Under what conditions will minivalves close?
When the interstitial fluid pressure is low
What is the minivalve system>?
System allows for the cell to open and close. (this can occurs since one part of the collagen filament is attached and the other part of the filament)
What are lacteals?
The lymphatic capillaries of the small intestines
What does dead ended mean?
That flow occurs in only one direction
Describe the lymphatic collecting vessels.
- lymphatic capillaries merge here
- Like veins thesse have thinner walls (where there is less tunica media)
- they have three tunica
- more valves than veins (these are important b/c there is low pressure here so have to keep from backing up)
What is the major role of lymphatic trunks?
- drain larger areas
Describe lymphatic trunks
- there are 5 major trunks which are named based on the areas that they drain
- point where the lymphatic collecting vessels will empty into
What is the site of absorption
Lacteals
What substances go into the lymphatic capillaries of the intestines?
-Large fat
Identify the process where blood cells exit the capillaries.
Diapedesis
Identify the process where directioal movement of cells occurs in response to chemicals
chemotaxis
What causes redness and heat of an inflamed area due to local hypermia
vasodilation
During phagocyte mobilization involves what
Mainly macrophages and neutrophil migration into inflamed areas.
List the events that are associated with inflammatory responses
- vasodilation
- phagocyte mobilization
- increased vascular permeability
What do activated T cells and marcophages release?
Cytokines
Whys is the release of cytokines important?
Helps to mobilize cells and attract other leukocytes into the area
What are natural killer cells (NK)?
Cells that have the ability to kill cancer/abnormal cells before the adaptive immune system is activated
What do antigens do in regards to the adaptive immune response?
Antigens are a subatance that will activate the adaptive immune response
