Unit 2- Blood Vessels

Question 1

List the vessels

Answer 1

• arteries
• veins
• capillaries
• arterioles
• venules

Question 2

What are the differences seen between veins and arteries?

Answer 2

Veins: Have valves, O2 poor blood, carries blood to heart, has the most % of blood at any given time (65%)
Arteries: Thicker tunica media, O2 rich blood, carries blood away from heart

Question 3

Distinguish the difference between muscular and elastic arteries

Answer 3

• Muscular: further away from the heart, smooth muscle, smaller in diameter, btwn elastic arteries and arterioles, blood pressure is lower
• Elastic: closer to heart, elastin (sheets of elastic connective tissue), more pressure, larger diameter, little resistance

Question 4

Describe arterioles

Answer 4

Branch off of muscular arteries

Question 5

Describe the tissue composition of capillaries.

Answer 5

-simple squamous tissue

Question 6

Describe capillaries

Answer 6

• microscopic vessels
• Function in gas/nutrient exchange
• Branch off of arterioles
• 1 Cell wall think , why cells have to move single file

Question 7

What mechanism in capillaries allows for there to be a gas exchange

Answer 7

Pressure differences

Question 8

Describe venules

Answer 8

Capillaries will connect with venules

Question 9

Describe veins

Answer 9

• valves assist in returning blood to heart
• respiratory pump: aids in return of blood due to changes in pressure within the thoracic cavity when we breathe
• vaicrose veins: pooling of blood due to standing for a long time frame; muscle contractions squeezes blood forward

Question 10

Describe the tunica media

Answer 10

• Middle layer
• smooth muscle
• controlled through subconsious sympathetic neural impulses
• Norepinphrine from adrenal medulla will also cause contraction
• Thicker in arteries than in veins

Question 11

Describe tunica externa

Answer 11

• outer layer
• Made up of collagen
• Vasa vasorum: blood vessels for blood vessels ( support system) ;generally found in large blood vessels

Question 12

Describe tunica interna

Answer 12

• inner layer
• simple squamous tissue
• Smooth lining to reduce friction

Question 13

What is lumen in regards to vessels?

Answer 13

Space in the middle of the vessel

Question 14

What maximizes the gas exchange at capillaries

Answer 14

Erythrocytes going thru single file

Question 15

What layer is only present in capilaries?

Answer 15

Tunica interna layer

Question 16

What are pericytes

Answer 16

Extra cells along capillaries attached to the walls that will offer extra support and stability. (ESA’s for capillaries)

Question 17

List components that are related to the capilaries

Answer 17

• precapillary sphincters
• terminal arteriole
• metarteriole
• thoroughfare channel
• postcapillary venule
• vascular shunt
• true capillaries

Question 18

What is microcirculation

Answer 18

Circulation of blood in the smallest blood vessel and will be how gaseous exchange occurs

Question 19

What are metarteriole?

Answer 19

• Will go thru the center/middle of the capillary bed

- connects the terminal arteriole to the thoroughfare channel

Question 20

What is the terminal arteriole?

Answer 20

• Delivers arteriole blood to capillary bed

- Branches into the metarteriole

Question 21

What is the thoroughfare channel?

Answer 21

venule/distal side of capillary bed

connects to the postcapillary

Question 22

What is the postcapillary venule

Answer 22

Connected to the thoroughfare channel

Question 23

What is the vascular shunt?

Answer 23

Shortcut allowing for blood to pass thru the capillary bed

Question 24

What is true capillaries?

Answer 24

• microcirculation

- regulates quantity of blood flowing thru any particular tissue

Question 25

What are precapillary sphincters

Answer 25

Determine how much microcirculation occurs