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AP Psychology > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Parts of the eye

A

Iris, Retina, Cornea, Optic Nerve, Rods and Cones, Pupil

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2
Q

Perception

A

The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information enabling us to recognize meaningful objects events

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3
Q

Retina

A

the light- sensitive inner surface of the eye containing the receptor rods and cones plus layers of neurons that begin the processing of visual information

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4
Q

Absolute Threshold

A

The minimum stimulation need to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time

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5
Q

Interposition

A

When an object overlaps with another object

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6
Q

Phantom Limb Sensation

A

A sensation that you feel from a body part that you no longer have.

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7
Q

Pupil

A

the adjustable opening in the center of the eye through which light enters

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8
Q

Sense of taste

A

A chemical sense that exists for pleasure reasons. Some functions of basic tastes are: sweet - energy source, salty - sodium for psychological process, sour - potentially toxic acid, bitter - potential poison, and umami - proteins to grow and repair tissue

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9
Q

Transduction

A

Conversion of one form of energy into another in sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brains can interpret

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10
Q

Cochlea

A

a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses

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11
Q

Parapsychology

A

The study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis

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12
Q

Linear Perspective

A

Parallel Lines appear to converge at a distance

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13
Q

Perceptual Set

A

A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another

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14
Q

Phi Phenomenon

A

Illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession

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15
Q

Lens

A

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina

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16
Q

Relative Motion

A

The perception of an observer that, as the observer moves forward, the objects that appear to them to move backwards faster closer than apparently slower - moving objects; a monocular cue

17
Q

Sensory Adaptation

A

Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation.

18
Q

Visual Cliff

A

A laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals

19
Q

Principle of Similarity

A

We group similar things together

20
Q

Olfaction

A

The sense of smell

21
Q

Top - Down Processing

A

Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations

22
Q

Nociceptors

A

A sensory receptor that responds to stimuli that are generally painful or detrimental to the organism. AKA pain receptors

23
Q

Classic Gate Control Theory

A

Spinal cord contains a neurological “gate” that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain.

24
Q

Endorphins

A

Neurotransmitters are linked to reduced pain and increased pleasure. Released in response to external stimuli.

25
Q

Iris

A

a ring of muscle tissue that forms the colored portion of the eye around the pupil and controls the size of the pupil opening. The iris dilates/constricts in response to changing light intensity

26
Q

Cochlear Implant

A

An electronic device designed to enable individuals with complete deafness to hear and interpret sounds

27
Q

Optic Nerve

A

the nerve that carries neural impulse from the eye to the brain

28
Q

Cornea

A

Outer covering of the eye

29
Q

Subliminal Messages

A

When an audio or video is unconsciously telling us something

30
Q

Sensation

A

The process by which sensory receptors receive information from the environment; includes vision, hearing, smell, taste, touch and the vestibular and kinesthetic senses.

31
Q

Bottom Up Processing

A

Analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain’s integration of sensory information.

32
Q

Selective Attention

A

The focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

AP Psychology (13 decks)

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