Chapter 5 test

Question 1

Hallucinogen

Answer 1

Psychedelics; distorts perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Question 2

Opiates

Answer 2

Opium and its derivatives. Such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and judgment

Question 3

Depressants

Answer 3

Drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.

Question 4

Amphetamines

Answer 4

Drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Question 5

Barbiturates

Answer 5

Also known as Tranquilizers. Drug that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment

Question 6

Drug Tolerance

Answer 6

The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug’s effects

Question 7

Psychoactive Drugs

Answer 7

A chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods

Question 8

Withdrawal

Answer 8

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug

Question 9

Caffeine

Answer 9

A psychoactive drug and a stimulant.

Question 10

Heroin

Answer 10

It’s an opiate; which is a depressant. It is extracted from the opium poppy flower. It can be injected, pill, patch, snorting, and smoking.

Question 11

Cocaine

Answer 11

A powdery substance. It’s a stimulant. Cocaine is made from coca leaves. It can be taken by snorting or injecting. Cocaine can be lab or naturally made

Question 12

Nicotine

Answer 12

A stimulant. It can be smoked or vaped. It’s a stimulant - this would excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

Question 13

LSD

Answer 13

It has two effects on the body. It can either increase or decrease neural activity.

Question 14

Morphine

Answer 14

A derivative of opiate. Also depresses neural activity. This in turn temporarily reduces pain and anxiety.

Question 15

Alpha Waves

Answer 15

The relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state

Question 16

Delta Waves

Answer 16

The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep

Question 17

Circadian Rhythm

Answer 17

The biological clock; regular bodily rhythm that occur on a 24 hour cycle. It regulates your sleep and temperature. For example, when you’re exposed to light; your brain produces less melatonin. When you are exposed to less light throughout the day your brain produces more melatonin to help you sleep.

Question 18

Sleep Apnea

Answer 18

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

Question 19

Purpose of Sleep

Answer 19

Sleep protects, restores and rebuilds memories, and maintaining plasticity

Question 20

Sleep Cycle

Answer 20

The four stages of sleep. There are four stages of sleep: Stage 1, 2, 3, and REM. During REM, your body is more active.

Question 21

Sleep talking

Answer 21

Garbled or nonsensical talk

Question 22

Narcolepsy

Answer 22

Uncontrollable sleep attacks, person randomly collapses into REM sleep

Question 23

Night Terrors

Answer 23

A sleep disorder that causes the sleeper to wake from NREM sleep suddenly with feelings of extreme fear, agitation, or dread

Question 24

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Answer 24

A pair of grain-of-rice sized. 20,000 cell cluster in the hypothalamus that receive light input from the retina via the optic nerve and regulate the body’s circadian rhythms

Question 25

Dissociation

Answer 25

A split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneous with others

Question 26

Hypnosis

Answer 26

A social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, behavior will spontaneously occur

Question 27

Melatonin

Answer 27

A hormone that is produced by the brain to make you feel sleepier. It is produced throughout the day, but the brain produces less melatonin when light hits our eyes.