Unit 2biochemistry Study guide_CP2_ANSWER KEY

Question 1

What is organic chemistry?

Answer 1

THE STUDY OF MOLECULES CONTAINING CARBON

Question 2

What is so important about carbon?

Answer 2

IT CAN MAKE 4 BONDS (THE MAXIMUM NUMBER), IT BONDS WITH MANY OTHER ELEMENTS, IT EASILY BONDS TO ITSELF TO MAKE UNLIMITED CHAINS

Question 3

What are the 4 classes of organic compounds?

Answer 3

CARBOHYDRATES, LIPIDS, NUCLEIC ACIDS, PROTEINS

Question 4

The small units that make up organic compounds are called ….

Answer 4

MONOMERS

Question 5

Give the monomer of each macromolecule
Carbohydrates- MONOSACCHARIDE

Proteins-

Lipids-

Nucleic Acids-

Answer 5

MONOSACCHARIDE

AMINO ACIDS

NONE

NUCLEOTIDE

Question 6

Give the function(s) of each macromolecule

Carbohydrates-

Proteins-

Lipids-

Nucleic Acids-

Answer 6

QUICK ENERGY

FORM BONE AND MUSCLE, SPEEDS UP REACTIONS (ENZYMES)

STORED ENERGY, INSULATION, CELL MEMBRANES

STORE/TRANSMIT GENETIC INFORMATION

Question 7

Give the example(s) of each macromolecule

Carbohydrates-

Proteins-

Lipids-

Nucleic Acids-

Answer 7

BREAD, SUGAR, PASTA

MEAT, EGGS, PEANUT BUTTER

FAT, OIL, WAX

DNA, RNA

Question 8

What is the difference between reactants and products?

Answer 8

REACTANTS ARE WHAT START A CHEMICAL REACTION, PRODUCTS ARE THE ENDING MATERIALS

Question 9

What is activation energy?

Answer 9

ENERGY NEEDED TO START A REACTION

Question 10

How do the words catalyst and enzyme relate to each other?

Answer 10

A CATALYST SPEEDS UP A REACTION BY LOWERING THE ACTIVATION ENERGY. AN ENZYME IS A BIOLOGICAL CATALYST (INSIDE A LIVING ORGANISM)

Question 11

What is the open site of the enzyme where reactions can take place called?

Answer 11

ACTIVE SITE

Question 12

What is a substrate?

Answer 12

THE REACTANT OR STARTING MATERIALS IN A CHEMICAL REACTION THAT USES ENZYMES

Question 13

How do enzymes and substrates represent a “lock and key”?

Answer 13

THE ACTIVE SITE AND SUBSTRATE FIT TOGETHER PERFECTLY (ENZYME 🡪 LOCK, SUBSTRATE 🡪 KEY)