Unit 2: Topic 7: Administration of Egypt

Question 1

When did the British create an agreement with the Ottoman Sultan to withdraw troops from Egypt after 3 years that never came to fruition?

Answer 1

1887

Question 2

How did hte nymber of British working in the Egyptian government increase?

Answer 2

• 1885- 100
• 1905- over 1,000

Question 3

What was the Egyptian parliament made up of?

Answer 3

• Advisory Council of Law
• General Assembly

Question 4

Who were the officials in the Egyptian government?

Answer 4

• British advisors
• Egyptian Government Ministers
• The Khedive
• The British Consul General

Question 5

When did Britiain declare Egypt a formal protectorate?

Answer 5

November 1914

Question 6

Who was made Sultan by the British after they declared Egypt a formal protectorate and deposed the Khedive?

Answer 6

Hussein Kamel

Question 7

When was Khedive Ishma’il Pasha Khedive?

Answer 7

1863-1879

Question 8

When was Khedive Mohamed Tewfik Pasha Khedive?

Answer 8

1879-1892

Question 9

When was Khedive Abbas II Khedive?

Answer 9

1892-1914

Question 10

Who were the Sultans during the Khedives rule and when did they rule?

Answer 10

• Sultan Abdul Hamid (1879-1909)
• Sultan Mehmed V (1909-1917)

Question 11

How long did Sultan Hussein Kamel (the Sultan of Egypt not the Ottomans) rule?

Answer 11

1914- 1917

Question 12

When was Sir Evelyn Baring (Lord Cromer) Consul-General?

Answer 12

1883-1907

Question 13

Who is Sir Evelyn Baring also known as?

Answer 13

Lord Cromer

Question 14

When as the Sir Eldon Gorst Consul General?

Answer 14

1907-1911

Question 15

When was Viscount Herbert Kitchener Consul-General?

Answer 15

1911-1914

Question 16

Whow were the members of hte Caisse de la Dette?

Answer 16

Austria-Hungary, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Britain

Question 17

Which rules meant that any new laws in Egypt that affected Europeans had to be approved by all governments representied in Egypt and that Europeans had the right to be tried in their own courts?

Answer 17

The Capitulations

Question 18

How much of Egyptian tax money was paid to European bondholders?

Answer 18

1/2

Question 19

When was the Fashoda incident?

Answer 19

1898

Question 20

When was the Entente Cordiale signed between Britain and France stopping the Caisse de la Dette from controlling Egyptian finances?

Answer 20

1904

Question 21

How much debt did Khedive Isma’il Pasha have that Sir Evelyn Baring helped to wipe?

Answer 21

£70 million

Question 22

Which irrigation systems were were built in Egypt under British rule?

Answer 22

• The Aswan Dam
• The Nile Barrage

Question 23

When was the Aswan Dam opened and how long did it take to build?

Answer 23

• 1902
• 6 years to build

Question 24

How much did the Aswan Dam cost?

Answer 24

£2 million

Question 25

What were the dimensions and extent of the Aswan Dam?

Answer 25

• 1/4 mile ong
• Enabled 1/2 million acres of former desert to be irrigated

Question 26

How much did the Egyptian population increase under British rule?

Answer 26

From 7 to 10 million

Question 27

How did cotton and sugar exports increase in Egypt?

Answer 27

Over 10 years- 3x as many

Question 28

How did the numbers of British in the Egyptian government increase under Baring?

Answer 28

• 1885- 100
• 1905- 1,000

Question 29

What was the Nationalist organisation in Egypt?

Answer 29

The Egyptian National Party

Question 30

What reforms did Kitchener introduce to Egyptian government?

Answer 30

Introduced the Legislative Assembly replacing the Advisory Council of Laws and the General Assembly- 1913

Question 31

What were the features of the Legislative Assembly?

Answer 31

• 66 elected members
• 17 appointed nominees representing rich landowners

Question 32

What army reform did Baring introduce?

Answer 32

Put 6,000 British troops in the Egyptian army placed under the command of General Kitchener

Question 33

When did General Kitchener lead British troops in the Sudan campaign?

Answer 33

1896

Question 34

When did Gorst introduce tighter censorship of the press and increase punishments to stop nationalism?

Answer 34

1909

Question 35

When was the only university established in Egypt (before only the University of Cairo for religious education)?

Answer 35

1909

Question 36

Which Egyptian Nationalist did Baring appoint to be minister for education?

Answer 36

Saad Zaghlus Pasha

Question 37

When did the Egyptian National Party revive itself as an underground movement?

Answer 37

1893

Question 38

When was the Denshawai Incident?

Answer 38

13th June 1906

Question 39

How many times did a British officer shoot at the Denshawai villagers?

Answer 39

3 times

Question 40

When was the trial for the Denshawai incident?

Answer 40

June 1906- the day after the incident

Question 41

Hoe many villagers were trialled for their supposed role in killing an officer in the Denshawai Incident?

Answer 41

52

Question 42

How were the Denshawai villagers punished?

Answer 42

• 4 given death penatly
• 26 given imprisonment, hard labour and flogging including an Egyptian policeman

Question 43

When was Boutros Ghali assassinated?

Answer 43

February 1910

Question 44

Who was notably assassinated in Egypt?

Answer 44

Boutros Ghali

Question 45

Who was Boutros Ghali?

Answer 45

The Prime Minister of Egypt

Question 46

Who shot Boutros Ghali?

Answer 46

Ibrahi Nassif al-Wardani

Question 47

Which party was responsibe for the assassination of Boutros Ghali?

Answer 47

The Watani Party

Question 48

How long did assassinations continue in Egypt?

Answer 48

Until 1915