Unit 2: Topic 4: Expansion in the Cape Colony and the Second Boer War Flashcards
When was the 2nd Boer war?
1899-1902
What is the 2nd Boer war sometimes called?
Just the Boer War
When did Europeans discover gold at the Rand in Witswatersrand in the Transvaal sparking a goldrush?
1886
What strategic advances had the Boers made that made the Transvaal appeal more?
- Extended to Swaziland
- Had a railway network to the Portuguese port Lourenco Marques
Who owned most of the Transvaal’s wealth?
Rand Millionaires (British and German goldmine owners)
When were Chinese labouers imported into South Africa, what were they called and how many were there?
- 1904-1910
- Coolies
- 60,000
Which historian came up with the theory the 2nd Boer war was a ‘conspiracy of financiers’?
J.A Hobson
When was the Jameson raid?
December 1895
How many troops in the Jameson raid were forced to surrendor after how long?
500 troops forced to surrendor after 4 days
Who led the Jameson Raid?
Dr Leander Starr Jameson
How did the numbers of uitlanders increase in the Transvaal?
- 1886- 30,000 (mostly Cornish) miners due to gold rush
- 1896- 44,000
What voting rules were established for Uitlanders before the 2nd Boer War?
- Had to have 14 years residency
- Had to be over 40
- Still had to pay tax even if couldn’t vote
- Despite British allowing Boers to vote in Cape Colony under much more leniant terms
Which English Uitlander was shot by Transvaal Police sparking outrage and when?
Tom Edgar- December 1898
When was Cecil Rhodes Prime Minister of the Cape Colony?
1890-1896
What position was Alfred Milner appointed to before the Boer war and when?
High Commissioner for Southern Africa- 1897
When did Kruger secure a 4th term as Transvaal president reflecting Boer nationalism and increasing British fears?
1898
When was the Bloemfontein Conference?
May-June 1899
Who was the Colonial Secretary during the Boer wars?
Joseph Chamberlain of the Liberal party
What terms did Milner and Kruger suggest at the Bloemfontein Conference?
- Milner- 5 years until Uitlander voting rights
- Kruger- 7 years in return for full control of Swaziland
When did Kruger issue an ultimatum to British troops stationed at the Natal- Transvaal border?
9th October 1899
When was the Bloemfontein conference?
May-June 1899
When did the British move a large number of troops to the Natal- Transvaal border?
9th October 1899
When did the Boers ultimatum expire and the 2nd Anglo Boer War begin?
12th October 1899
How many troops did the British and Boers have?
- Boers- 60,000
- British- 400,000
Who were British troops led by?
Generals Lord Kitchener and Lord Roberts
How many British and Boer soldeirs were tehre in the first Boer offensive- 12th October 1899?
- 30,000 Boers
- 10,000 British
How many British were killed, wounded or captured in ‘black week’ in Phase 1 of the Boer war where the Boers achieved success?
3,000
How many men did the British send as reinforcements and when?
180,000 in January 1900- largest force Britain had ever sent overseas.
When did the British capture Johannesburg and Pretoria?
- May 1900- Johannesburg
- June 1900- Pretoria (Capital of the Transvaal)
When did the Boers surrender?
April 1902
When was the Treaty of Vereeniging signed?
31st May 1902
When was the ‘Khaki Election’ and who won?
1900- Conservatives under Lord Salisbury won
When was Milner made governor of the Transvaal and Orange River Colony?
June 1902
Which historian argued the word imperialism changed from positive to negative?
Richard Koebner
Which individual argued in 1902 that imperialism endangered Britain creating resentment for no real gain?
J.A Hobson
When did Alfred Milner allow ‘Coolies’ to be imported into gold mines by Rand Millionaires?
1904
When were Chinese labouers imported into South Africa, what were they called and how many were there?
- 1904-1910
- Coolies
- 60,000 imported at Witswatersrand gold mines
When was Milner recalled by the British government after the ‘coolie’ scandal?
1905
When was the General Election after the Boer War and who won?
- 1906
- Henry Campbell- Bannerman
- Liberals won by landslide- largest Conservative loss ever