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AQA A Level History- IJ The British Empire c.1857-1967 > Unit 1: Topic 6: Attitudes to Imperialism in Britain > Flashcards

Unit 1: Topic 6: Attitudes to Imperialism in Britain Flashcards

1
Q

When did Disraeli claim the colonies were ‘millstones around our necks’?

A

1852

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2
Q

When was Viceroy Robert Lytton Viceroy?

A

1876-1880

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3
Q

When did Viceroy Lytton launch an invasion into Afghanistan?

A

November 1878

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4
Q

How many troops did Viceroy Lytton lose in his fight with Afghanistan?

A

1,000- double the Afghanistan losses

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5
Q

When was the treaty of Gandamak and what did it secure?

A
  • 1879
  • Secured the strategic North-West frontier in Afghanistan
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6
Q

What did Gladstone promise about empire?

A

‘To abstain from any territorial acquisitions.’

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7
Q

When was the British government and people’s anti-imperialist?

A

1800-1870

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8
Q

What organisation recommended withdrawal from West Africa due to cost and when?

A

1865- Parliamentary Select Committee

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9
Q

When was the liberal Lord Palmerston Prime Minister?

A
  • 1855-1858
  • 1859-65
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10
Q

When did Palmerston bomb Canton after a British ship was attacked by China?

A

1856

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11
Q

When did Disraeli start to promote imperialism?

A

1870s

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12
Q

When did the Turkish massacre thousands of Christians in Bulgaria and Disraeli turn a blind eye?

A

1876

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13
Q

When did Russia declare war on Turkey and Disraeli express his support for the Ottomans?

A

1877

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14
Q

What did the northwest frontier in Afghanistan become and when?

A

North West Frontier Province of India- 1901

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15
Q

When did Gladstone try to improve the condition of Irish peasantry with church and land reforms?

A

1868-74

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16
Q

When did the Irish home rule movement grow in popularity and who was it led by?

A

1860s

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17
Q

When did Gladstone introduce the Home Rule Bill for Ireland and it fail to pass?

A

1886 and 1893

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18
Q

Which imperialist group broke away from the Liberals after the Irish Home Rule Bill?

A

The Unionists

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19
Q

When was the Disraeli Prime Minister?

A

1868 and 1874-1880

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20
Q

When was Gladstone Prime Minister?

A
  • 1868-74
  • 1880-85
  • 1886
  • 1892-1894
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21
Q

When did the Disraeli give his Crystal Palace speech?

A

1872

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22
Q

What did Disraeli claim in his Crystal Palace speech?

A
  • ‘no minister in this country will do his duty who neglects… our colonial empire’
  • Claimed the Conservative party were the ‘party of empire’
  • India was the ‘Jewel in the Crown of Britain’
  • Liberals would allow the empire to ‘disintegrate’
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23
Q

Who was the conservative Prime Minister after Disraeli?

A

Lord Salisbury

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24
Q

Which election campaign did Gladstone go on, during which he expressed his contempt for Disraelis imperialist attitude?

A

The Midlothian campaign.

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25
Which was the first Reform Act to increase the vote and how much did it increase the vote by
* 1867 Refrom Act * 1 million to 2.5 million
26
Before Disraeli came to power in 1874, when was the last time the Conservatives had won an election?
1840
27
When did Disraeli buy shares in the Suez Canal and how much were they worth?
1875- £4 million
28
Which act did Disraeli pass making Queen Victoria Empress of India and when?
The 1877 Royal Titles Act
29
Which viceroy did Disraeli appoint to India?
Viceroy Robert Lytton
30
When was the Transvaal annexed under Disraeli?
1877
31
When did the British under Disraeli fight wars against the Zulus and Pedi?
1879
32
When did Disraeli and Viceroy Lytton invade Afghanistan?
Novmber 1878
33
Which treaty turned Afghanistan into a client state, when and which lands did the British gain?
Treaty of Gandamak- 1879- North West Frontier
34
When did the 1st Boer War start under Gladstone?
December 1880
35
Which battle ended the 1st Boer War, when was it and how many troops did the British lose?
Battle of Majuba Hill- February 1881- 150 troops
36
Which document did the British under Gladstone sign granting the Boers independence and when?
The Convention of Pretoria- August 1881
37
When did the Mahdist rebellion start?
1884
38
When did the Germans claim New Guinea and what did they name it?
1884- Kaiser Wilhelmsland
39
Who did Gladstone order to occupy Queenslands southeastern zone and establish British control to combat German annexation in New Guinea?
The Premiership of Queensland Thomas MacIlwraith (Australia)
40
When did Gladstone introduce the Irish Home Rule Bill?
1886
41
Which rulers did Gladstone allow to rule Bechuanaland?
Local Tswana rulers
42
When was the Battle of Isandlwana where the British faced heavy losses?
January 1879
43
When was the Battle of Ulundi where the British beat the Zulus, burning their capital city to the ground?
July 1879
44
How many troops did the British lose in Afghanistan?
10,000- double the Afghan losses
45
When did Disraeli broker peace between Russia and Turkey and what was the meeting called?
1878- The Congress of Berlin
46
Which title did Disraeli receive from Queen Victoria?
The Earldom of Beaconsfield
47
When did Disraeli lose the general election partly due to defeats in Imperial Wars?
1880
48
When did the British Navy sent by Gladstone bomb Alexandria?
July 1882
49
Who fought and defeated Arabi Pasha in Egypt and where did this happen?
Sir Garnet Wolseley defeated Arabi Pasha at Tel-el-Kebir
50
When was the Berlin Conference?
1884-1885
51
Which lands did Gladstone convert into protectorates?
Somaliland and Bechuanaland
52
When did Gladstone resign and who was he replaced by?
1885- replaced by Conservative Lord Salisbury
53
When was the second Parliamentary Reform Act and how many people did it extend the vote to?
1884- 5.5 million more men
54
When did public support for the empire begin to increase?
The 1860s
55
When did Disraeli begin to support the empire?
1870s
56
When was the Education Act?
1870
57
When were the two Reform Acts.
1867 and 1884
58
When did Disraeli win his election?
1874
59
When did Charles Darwin publish the Origin of Species?
1859
60
Who was Darwin's cousin that came up with the Social Darwinism, what phrase did he create and when did he do this?
* Herbert Specer * Survival of the fittest * 1864
61
What study is the study of skulls believed to be linked to behaviour?
Phrenology
62
What is the term for false claims based on science?
Pseudoscience
63
What were the British public's views of empire and race?
* Saw the empire as an 'empire of races' * Believed their way of life 'infinitely superior'
64
What types of media did missionaries produce?
* Missionary pamphlets * Newspapers * Sunday School stories
65
How many women and children were killed in the Cawnpore massacre and when was the Cawnpore massacre?
200 women and children June 1857
66
Which soldier from the Indian Mutiny did the press raise funds to build a statue of in Trafalgar Square and what cities did he recapture?
* Major-General Havelock * Recaptured Cawnpore and Lucknow
67
When did the press report on Arabi Pasha's rebellion?
1882
68
When did the press report on their outrage at Gladstone for the death of Gordon?
1885
69
What was the name of a famous social darwinist book about explorers who meet a 'superior' white African population, who wrote it and when was it published?
* 'She' * By H. Rider Haggard * 1887
70
Which imperialist comic appealed to young Victorian boys?
The Boys Own Paper
71
Who founded the scouts and girl guides movement to instil imperialist military ideals in children?
Colonel Robert Baden Powell
72
When was the boys brigade formed?
1883
73
When was the international exhibition in South Kensington and how many exhibits were there?
* 1862 * 28,000 exhibitors- 7,000 from India * 36 countries
74
What type of village was brought to London's Alexandria Palace and when?
* A Sudanese Nubian village with animlas and people * 1877
75
When was the Colonial and Indian exhibition displaying Indian craftspeople as 'living exhibitions'?
1886
76
When was the Africa Exhibition celebrating Henry Morgan Stanley's travels?
1890
77
What were the main colonial exhibitions in this time period?
* International Exhibition in South Kensington- 1862 * Nubian Village at Alexandria Palace- 1877 * Colonial and Indian Exhibition- 1886 * Africa Exhibition- 1890

AQA A Level History- IJ The British Empire c.1857-1967 (13 decks)

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