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Honors Biology (Freshman) > Unit 2 Test > Flashcards

Unit 2 Test Flashcards

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1
Q

DNA stands for

A

Deoxyribonucleicacid

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2
Q

DNA is the

A

Molecule of Heredity

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3
Q

How many nucleotides are in each stand of DNA

A

3 billion

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4
Q

The 4 nitrogen bases are

A

Ardenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

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5
Q

Adenine compliments what

A

Thymine

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6
Q

Guanine compliments what

A

Cytosine

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7
Q

Cytosine compliments what

A

Guanine

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8
Q

Thymine compliments what

A

Adenine

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9
Q

Adenine and Guanine are

A

Purines

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10
Q

Thymine and Cytosine are

A

Pyrimidines

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11
Q

Replication of DNA

A

Unzips at base pairs; Complements are created

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12
Q

Angeogenesis

A

Construction of the new blood vessels

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13
Q

Palpating

A

Feeling on throat

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14
Q

Metastisis

A

Moves/ migrating by throwing off cells onto blood vessels

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15
Q

Replicitive Senensance

A

Enzyme that makes sure cells are replicating properly.

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16
Q

Palindrome

A

A word that it spelt the same way forwards and backwards
EX: tacocat
RacecaR

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17
Q

What is a Sickeled blood cell?

A

A misshapen bloodcell that gets stuck.

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18
Q

How long would it take for your finger to fall off if you wrap a rubber band around it?

A

A couple days

19
Q

CRISPR

A

Clustered Regularly Interspaced

20
Q

What does CRIPSR do?

A

It can go to any enzyme and cut it.

21
Q

What are Mutagenic Agents?

A

UV Radiation

Viruses

22
Q

What is a monosomy?

A

A word used to describe the absense of one pair of chromosomes.

23
Q

Describe Chromatin?

A

Substance within a chromosome consisting of DNA and Protein.

24
Q

How common is triploidy in animals?

A

Not very at all.

25
Q

Comparisons between triploidy and trisomy.

A

Both are chromosome problems.
Triploidy is an entire extra set of chromosomes.
Trisomy is when a normal pair of chromosomes gets a third added to it.

26
Q

What pairs in DNA replication?

A

Replication relies on complementary base pairing
Adenine to Thymine
Guanine to Cytosine

27
Q

Define Replication

A

The action of copying or reproducing something

28
Q

Which is largest: DNA, chromosome and nucleotide?

A

Chromosome is the largest of the three.

Largest to smallest order is Chromosome, DNA, Nucleotide

29
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

The ribosome

30
Q

What structres are made up of RNA?

A

Ribosomes

31
Q

What does a tRNA molecule carry?

A

Amino acids

32
Q

Define translation

A

The process which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in a messenger RNA.

33
Q

Define monosomy.

A

The condition when a diploid chromosome complement in which one chromosome lacks a partner.

34
Q

What is the process of converting RNA code into an amino acid sequence?

A

Translation

35
Q

Define Point Mutation

A

A mutation affecting only one or very few nucleotides in a gene sequence.

36
Q

What brings amino acids to the ribosomes for assembly into proteins?

A

tRNAs

37
Q

Define codon

A

A sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.

38
Q

What do you call it when DNA copies itself?

A

Replication

39
Q

Who were the major players in the race for DNA?

A

Francis Crick and James Watson

40
Q

Define Transcription

A

Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

41
Q

Cell cycle parts

A

Interphase and Mitosis

42
Q

Parts of a chromosome are?

A

Chromatid, Centromere, short arm and long arm.

43
Q

What is a chromatid?

A

One of the two identical parts of the chromosome after S phase.

44
Q

What is the Centomere?

A

There point where the two chromatids touch.

Honors Biology (Freshman) (24 decks)

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