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LATG Practice Questions > Unit 2 Review > Flashcards

Unit 2 Review Flashcards

1
Q

BLANK allows lipids to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine and used as energy in the body.

A

Bile

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2
Q

The carbon bound to three hydrogens on one end of a fatty acid is called a _______ group.

A

methyl

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3
Q

What is the process by which isolators prevent microorganisms from reaching the animals housed inside?

A

Exclusion

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4
Q

Which term refers to the thousands of microbial species that inhabit a specific host?

A

Microbiome

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5
Q

Which enzyme works with gastric acid to break down protein in the digestive system?

A

Pepsin

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6
Q

What breaks down dietary fiber?

A

Bacteria

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7
Q

Which of the following is a disaccharide?

A

Sucrose

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8
Q

Which carbohydrate serves as energy storage in animals?

A

Glycogen

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9
Q

From what is the hormone prostaglandin derived?

A

Lipids

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10
Q

Cloning DNA is accomplished by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by using:

A

bacteria

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11
Q

When wild-type females are mated with hemizygous or heterozygous males, approximately what proportion will have the desired genotype?

A

50%

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12
Q

How do restriction enzymes cut DNA in a sample into several smaller pieces?

A

They bind at specific base pair sequences and cut the DNA at those sites.

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13
Q

What best describes a peptide?

A

Small protein

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14
Q

Which carbohydrate is a monosaccharide?

A

Glucose

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15
Q

What must be checked to ensure that a bag of feed has stable vitamin content?

A

Shelf life

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16
Q

Which factor can lead to the embryos collected from donor females for injection of modified DNA not being at the appropriate cell stage of development?

A

Light cycle was disrupted.

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17
Q

What is the process by which isolators prevent microorganisms from reaching the animals housed inside?

A

Exclusion

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18
Q

The component parts of triglycerides are free fatty acids and __________ .

A

glycerol

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19
Q

Which of the following procedures determines the level of mRNA transcripts in a sample?

A

Quantitative RT-PCR

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20
Q

The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in impaired glucose metabolism?

A

Chromium

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21
Q

Which carbohydrate is what is known as table sugar?

A

Sucrose

22
Q

The roles of cell-to-cell communication and self-recognition by the immune system are fulfilled by:

A

glycoproteins

23
Q

What carbohydrate serves as energy storage in animals?

A

Glycogen

24
Q

The carbon bound to three hydrogens on one end of a fatty acid is called a _______ group.

A

methyl

25
Q

What best describes a peptide?

A

Small protein

26
Q

What must be checked to ensure that a bag of feed has stable vitamin content?

A

Shelf life

27
Q

What is NOT a dietary macromineral?

A

Copper

28
Q

What statement regarding fixed and managed formulations of dietary feed is FALSE?

A

In a managed formulation, the least expensive ingredients, according to the market price, are used

29
Q

What are the four bases found in DNA?

A

Adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

30
Q

What bases can pair together in DNA?

A

Guanine–Cytosine

31
Q

In which process are germ cells produced?

A

Meiosis

32
Q

What statement is TRUE regarding mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells, and meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells.

33
Q

Cloning DNA is accomplished by either polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or by using:

A

Bacteria

34
Q

Using Western blot, what enables visualization of the protein?

A

Antibodies

35
Q

What are pronuclei?

A

The nuclei of the eggs shortly after fertilization

36
Q

What is the goal of genotyping?

A

To determine if a specific DNA fragment is present in the genome of an organism

37
Q

What statement regarding chimeras is FALSE?

A

Like sperm, embryonic stem cells are haploid and always transmit the mutation

38
Q

For which purpose does the transfer sleeve of an isolator have nipples?

A

Sterilant injection

39
Q

What carbohydrate is a monosaccharide?

A

Glucose

40
Q

In mitosis, what do the chromosomes do after replicating in order to split into daughter cells?

A

Pair up

41
Q

What is a genetically engineered animal that has had one or more genes from its genome functionally removed?

A

Knockout

42
Q

How long can embryos be surgically transferred to recipient mice?

A

Until the embryos are 3.5 days old

43
Q

What term is used for a DNA sequence obtained from bacteria?

A

Transposon

44
Q

What carbohydrate consists of two glucose units bound together?

A

Maltose

45
Q

_______ allows lipids to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine and used as energy in the body.

A

Bile

46
Q

The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in impaired glucose metabolism?

A

Chromium

47
Q

What statement is TRUE regarding mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis results in two diploid daughter cells, and meiosis results in four haploid daughter cells

48
Q

What best describes genetic engineering?

A

Manipulating DNA molecules to alter their composition

49
Q

What is the goal of genotyping?

A

To determine if a specific DNA fragment is present in the genome of an organism

50
Q

Among transgenic mice, what does the generation called F2 represent?

A

The second generation of the founder of a line

51
Q

What statement regarding chimeras is FALSE?

A

Like sperm, embryonic stem cells are haploid and always transmit the mutation.

52
Q

What term refers to the thousands of microbial species that inhabit a specific host?

A

Microbiome

LATG Practice Questions (22 decks)

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