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LATG Practice Questions > Chapter 8 Biochemistry and Nutrition and Feed > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Biochemistry and Nutrition and Feed Flashcards

1
Q

Ketones are implicated in which disease?

A

Diabetes mellitus

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2
Q

The study of chemical compounds and complex reactions in living systems is known as:

A

Biochemistry

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3
Q

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharides unts?

A

Oligosaccharide

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4
Q

What is another name for glucose?

A

Dextrose

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5
Q

Blood types are characterized by the carbohydrate portions of BLANK on the surface of cells and the carbohydrate portion of serum BLANK.

A

glycolipids, glycoproteins

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6
Q

BLANK are the main constituents of animals fats.

A

Triglycerides

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7
Q

The sheath around many nerves is called:

A

myelin

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8
Q

The component parts of triglycerides are cholesterol and free fatty acids.

A

False

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9
Q

Animal fat contains more unsaturated fatty acid then vegetable oils.

A

False

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10
Q

Prostaglandin is a hormone that is derived from lipids.

A

True

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11
Q

What animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oils?

A

Rat

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12
Q

A complex lipid that includes a carbohydrate portion is a :

A

glycolipid

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13
Q

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be in indication of what condition or disease state?

A

Lipemia

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14
Q

Cholesterol is a steroid.

A

True

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15
Q

In dogs and pigs, the digestion of lipids does not begin until food reaches the stomach.

A

True

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16
Q

Cholesterol is soluble in blood.

A

False

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17
Q

BLANK are the building blocks of proteins.

A

Amino acids

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18
Q

What regulates body functions?

A

Hormones

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19
Q

What is an example of a structural portein?

A

Keratin

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20
Q

What type of protein is typically intracellular and helps to turn on or off chemical reactions?

A

Regulatory

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21
Q

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

A

Enzymes

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22
Q

Enzymes are an example of what type of biochemical compounds?

A

Proteins

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23
Q

Some amino acids are considered essential only for young growing animals.

A

True

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24
Q

The deficiency of what essential micromineral results in anemia and fatty degeneration of the liver?

A

Cobalt

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25
Q

Many micromnerals are toxic at high concentrations.

A

True

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26
Q

What is the chemical name of vitamin C?

A

Ascrobic acid

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27
Q

Monogastric species are often referred to as:

A

Cecal digesters

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28
Q

What vitamin is water soluble?

A

Vitamin B

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29
Q

What micromineral is an important component of Vitamin B12?

A

Cobalt

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30
Q

Fiber is also referred to as starch.

A

False

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31
Q

Dietary fiber can cause decreased mineral absorption.

A

True

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32
Q

Fiber is a carbohydrate.

A

True

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33
Q

How can the diet be changed to treat internal parasites?

A

Add fenbendazole.

34
Q

Nutritional requirements within a species may vary due to genetic differences.

A

True

35
Q

Animals on estrogen-sensitive studies should be fed a diet high in isoflavones.

A

False

36
Q

A laboratory animal’s diet is a controllable variable.

A

True

37
Q

What are the two types of acceptable diet formulations for laboratory animals?

A

Fixed and managed

38
Q

Most older animals require more protein and calories than young animals.

A

False

39
Q

In atherosclerosis what is deposited on the inner lining of blood vessels that restricts blood flow?

A

Cholesterol.

40
Q

Ketones are implicated in what disease?

A

Diabetes mellitus

41
Q

The enzyme that is lacking in individuals with phenyketonuria (PKU) normally transforms the amino acid phenylalanine into which non-essential amino acid?

A

Tryosine

42
Q

What hormone is not properly secreted or used in bodies with diabetes mellitus?

A

Insulin

43
Q

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides are classified as:

A

Disaccharides

44
Q

What breaks down dietary fiber?

A

Bacteria

45
Q

What carbohydrate can be digested only by some species, such as ungulates and lagomorphs?

A

Cellulose

46
Q

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

A

Ensymes

47
Q

What condition can newborns with phenylketonuria (PKU) develop?

A

Mental retardation

48
Q

Steroids belong in which group of organic compounds?

A

Lipids

49
Q

What type of fatty acid has one double bond between two carbons?

A

Monounsaturated

50
Q

What enzyme that adies in the digestion of starches and other polysaccharides?

A

Amylase

51
Q

On what characteristic are the two categories of dietary minerals (micro- and macrominerals) based?

A

Their biological importance

52
Q

What is the example of a disaccharide?

A

Sucrose

53
Q

What is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

A

Linoleic acid

54
Q

Which animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oil?

A

Mouse

55
Q

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be an indication of what condition?

A

Lipemia

56
Q

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharde units?

A

Oligosaccharide

57
Q

What is the primary source of energy used by the body for all metabolic processes?

A

Glucose

58
Q

What groups of organic compounds is the largest component of plasma membranes?

A

Lipids

59
Q

What does the term “saturated fatty acid” mean?

A

All of the carbons are connected to as many hydrogen atoms as possible

60
Q

What is measured in the blood to assess lipid metabolism?

A

Triglyceride

61
Q

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

A

Nitrogenous base
Sugar
Phosphate group

62
Q

What molecules are structural proteins?

A

Collagen and keratin

63
Q

Vitamins serve as chemical partners with what to help maintain normal cell functions?

A

Enzymes

64
Q

Zinc is an example of a…

A

micromeneral

65
Q

A fatty acid with a single double bond between two carbons is considered what of fat?

A

Monounsaturated

66
Q

Vitamin A

A

Fat soluble

67
Q

Vitamin C

A

Water soluble

68
Q

Vitamin B12

A

Water soluble

69
Q

Vitamin K

A

Fat soluble

70
Q

Vitamin E

A

Fat soluble

71
Q

Cholesterol is a lipid that is soluble in blood

A

False

72
Q

What are the basic components of proteins?

A

Amino acid

73
Q

What breaks down dietary fiber?

A

Bacterial fermentation

74
Q

What type of animal can degrade fiber and use it for a main source of energy?

A

Ruminants

75
Q

What 2 laboratory animals species require vitamin C in the diet because they cannot synthesize it in their body?

A

Guinea pig

Nonhuman Primate

76
Q

What two species require supplementation of their diet with taurine?

A

Ferrets and cats

77
Q

What carbohydrate consists of two glucose units bound together?

A

Maltose

78
Q

Organic acids consisting of a chain of hydrocarbons are __________.

A

fatty acids

79
Q

What is the most abundant protein found in a mammal?

A

Collagen

80
Q

What enzyme works with gastric acid to break down protein in the digestive system?

A

Pepsin

81
Q

An imbalance in the different types of lipoproteins (HDL versus LDL) is a major contributing factor in which of the following diseases?

A

Atherosclerosis

LATG Practice Questions (22 decks)

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