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LATG Practice Questions > Chapter 13 Agents of Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Agents of Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

A subclinical disease”

A

has no observable signs

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2
Q

What definition is most accurate for the term “disease”?

A

An altered physiological state in which the function of a tissue, organ, or body system has been impaired.

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3
Q

A Gram-positive bacterium has a thin internal cell wall

A

False

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4
Q

A bacteria with cilia has:

A

hair like structures on the outside of the cell

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5
Q

Bacterial virulence is directly proportional to disease severity:

A

True

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6
Q

Bacteria that can grow in low oxygen environments are known by what term?

A

Microaerophilic

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7
Q

Botulism is caused by a bacterial toxin

A

True

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8
Q

What is the term for bacteria staining purplish-blue with Gram-stain?

A

Gram-postive

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9
Q

What is true about all bacteria?

A

They do not have mitochondria in their cytoplasm

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10
Q

All bacteria have a capsule

A

False

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11
Q

What is the term for a bacterium requiring normal atmospheric oxygen concentration to survive?

A

Aerobic

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12
Q

What characteristics generally apply to bacterial spores?

A
  • They are dormant forms of the bacteria

- They may remain viable even after being autoclaved

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13
Q

Which type of RNA virus is influenza?

A

Orthomyxovirus

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14
Q

Which type of RNA virus is carried from animal to animal by mosquitoes, ticks, and lice?

A

Arbovirus

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15
Q

In the laboratory, viruses can be grown in cell cultures.

A

True

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16
Q

B virus belongs to which group of viruses?

A

Herpesviruses

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17
Q

Viruses that infect animals are found in the host’s cells.

A

True

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18
Q

In which laboratory species is the B virus found?

A

Macaques

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19
Q

A typical virus is made of an envelope containing both DNA and RNA’ and proteins.

A

False

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20
Q

Macaques that have contracted the B virus do not shed it until symptoms are observable.

A

False

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21
Q

Serological tests are the most common method used to identify viruses.

A

True

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22
Q

What group of viruses contain DNA?

A
  • Poxviruses
  • Parvoviruses
  • Herpesviruses
  • Rotaviruses
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23
Q

Which type of RNA virus is mouse hepatitis virus?

A

Coronavirus

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24
Q

What is TRUE about viruses?

A

They do not reproduce outside of a host cell.

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25
Q

Which decontamination method is the only way to ensure complete destruction of prions?

A

Incineration

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26
Q

Because prions are very difficult to inactivate, very strict husbandry protocols are necessary to prevent their transmission.

A

True

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27
Q

Which species has proven to be a valuable model for encephalopathies caused by prions?

A

Hamsters

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28
Q

Bleach can be used to reduce the level of prion contamination on infected surfaces.

A

True

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29
Q

Ringworm is an example of what?

A

Cutaneous mycosis

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30
Q

What term is used to describe a disease caused by fungi?

A

Mycosis

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31
Q

Mycology is the study of which organism?

A

Fungi

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32
Q

What easily observable sign could suggest a diagnosis of dermatophytosis?

A

Crusty lesions around a few hairs or a slight scaliness of the skin.

33
Q

Yeasts are unicellular fungi.

A

True

34
Q

Some fungi are transmitted through inhalation of infectious spores

A

True

35
Q

How would animal facility personnel become infected by apicomplexan organisms?

A

Contact with the feces of infected animals

36
Q

Giardia spp. are that live in their host’s gastrointestinal tract.

A

flagellates

37
Q

Flatworm, roundworms, and thorny-headed worms belong to which group of parasites?

A

Helminths

38
Q

Cats are the definitive host of which species of apicomplexan parasite?

A

Toxoplasma gondii

39
Q

Endoparasites live all their lives inside their host

A

False

40
Q

Parasites of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?

A

Trematodes

41
Q

Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?

A

Nematodes

42
Q

Proglottids are rice-like segments of which parasite?

A

Tapeworm

43
Q

The species responsible for producing hydatid cysts in the liver of rats belongs to which group of helminths?

A

Cestodes

44
Q

Flukes are a common parasite of laboratory animals

A

False

45
Q

What are some parasites that are considered zoonotic?

A
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Toxoplasma gondii
  • Trypanosome brucei
46
Q

Most helminths are only visible under a light microscope.

A

False, most helminths are large enough to be visible to the naked eye

47
Q

Which nematode has the unique characteristic of not producing eggs?

A

Filaria

48
Q

The intermediate hosts for tapeworms Dipylidium caninum are fleas.

A

True

49
Q

What parasite serves as an intermediate host for the tapeworm Dipylidium caninum which is found on dogs and cats?

A

Fleas

50
Q

What is the most common arachnind parasite found in animal facilities?

A

Mite

51
Q

What are lice eggs called?

A

Nits

52
Q

In which life stage do fleas encase themselves in a cocoons?

A

Pupa

53
Q

Where are pinworms usually found?

A

Cecum and colon

54
Q

What term is used for lice infestation?

A

Pediculosis

55
Q

One characteristic that distinguishes fleas from lice is that they have wings and lice do not.

A

False

56
Q

What are hydatid cysts?

A

Fluid-filled cyst containing tapeworm larvae

57
Q

Which arthropods lack jointed legs?

A

Pentastomids

58
Q

Many different organisms can grow in a(n) agar, but differences in their reactions can be observed.

A

differential

59
Q

Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?

A

Nematodes

60
Q

Mosquitoes are vectors for the transmission of which of the following parasites?

A

Heartworms

61
Q

Toxocara canis is which type of parasite?

A

Ascarid

62
Q

Parasites of which group are generally flat, have oral suckers, and have larval forms that hatch in water?

A

Trematodes

63
Q

Which cutaneous mycosis can affect a frog’s ability to regulate oxygen flow across its skin?

A

Chytridiomycosis

64
Q

Which type of RNA virus is carried from animal to animal by mosquitoes, ticks, and lice?

A

Arbovirus

65
Q

What best describes a bacterial spore?

A

It is the bacterial chromosomes surrounded by a tough coating.

66
Q

What is the definition of virulence?

A

The degree of pathogenicity of an organism

67
Q

How do hookworms generally enter the body?

A

Penetration of the skin or oral mucosa

68
Q

Which of the following is a common fungal infection in zebrafish?

A

Pseudoloma neurophilia

69
Q

What fungi are microsporidia that cause lethargy, tremors, and partial paralysis in rabbits?

A

Encephalitozoon cuniculi

70
Q

Which group of worms are generally elongate, cylindrical, and non-segmented?

A

Nematodes

71
Q

Due to the addition of specific nutrients, only a particular organism or type of organism may grow in a ______ agar.

A

selective

72
Q

What is the definition of virulence?

A

The degree of pathogenicity of an organism

73
Q

What type of RNA virus is the West Nile virus?

A

Arbovirus

74
Q

The term “slow virus” is often used to describe which organism?

A

Prion

75
Q

What cutaneous mycosis can affect a frog’s ability to regulate oxygen flow across its skin?

A

Chytridiomycosis

76
Q

What characteristic is true of sucking lice but not true of chewing lice?

A

Sucking lice have narrow heads and mouthparts.

77
Q

What type of RNA virus is the measles?

A

Paramyxovirus

78
Q

Species from the genera <i>Giardia</i> are members of which group of protozoan parasites?

A

Flagellates

79
Q

The genus of roundworms known as whipworms is a member of which group of helminths ?

A

Nematodes

LATG Practice Questions (22 decks)

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