Unit 2-Membranes

Question 1

Semipermeable Membrane

Answer 1

allows some materials to pass through and blocks the passage of other materials

very selective and very regulated

Question 2

Integral Proteins

Answer 2

proteins that are permanently attached to the membrane

Question 3

Peripheral Proteins

Answer 3

proteins of a membrane that are not embedded in the lipid bilayer

appendages loosely bound to the surface or side of the membrane (inside or outside)

Question 4

Fluid Mosaic Model

Answer 4

model that describes the arrangement and movement of the molecules that make up a cell membrane

Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 5

Integrins

Answer 5

membrane proteins

transmit signals between the Extracellular matrix and cytoskeleton

Question 6

How does the integrins stay anchored in the lipid bilayer membrane?

Answer 6

amino acids on the outside (top and bottom of membrane) and has an R group which is lipophobic

Question 7

Transmembrane Proteins

Answer 7

type of integral membrane protein

spans the entirety of the cell membrane which is permanently attached to

channels open to allow things to come in

carriers allow something to go through

act as receptors and enzymes

mediators for facilitate diffusion

Question 8

Junctions

Answer 8

type of anchor that helps cells where they are (cell to cell adhesion)

Question 9

Tight Junctions

Answer 9

very tight

dont allow thing to go between cells

look sewn together, water cant pass through it

Question 10

Gap Junctions

Answer 10

provide cytoplasmic channels between cells

Question 11

What are the functions of membrane proteins?

Answer 11

transport 
enzymes 
cell surface receptors 
self to cell specific markers 
cell to cell adhesion 
attachment to cytoskeleton

Question 12

Osmosis

Answer 12

diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane

passive transport (no energy)

Question 13

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 13

shrinked cell

water is leaving the cell due to the high concentration of solutes outside the cell

Question 14

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 14

swollen cell

water is entering the cell due to high concentration of solutes inside the cell

Question 15

Isotonic Solution

Answer 15

equal amount of water entering and leaving the cell

Question 16

Channel Proteins

Answer 16

provide hydrophilic pores through hydrophobic barrier

passive and reversible (no energy)

Question 17

Active Transport

Answer 17

energy to move solute against concentration gradient (use ATP)

Question 18

Uniporter

Answer 18

form of active transport

a glucose transporter that transports a single type of molecule by adding energy to pump proton out of the cell

Question 19

Coupled Transport

Answer 19

antiporter (sodium potassium pump)

symporter(sodium and a couple glucose transporter) they go in the same direction

Question 20

Phagocytosis

Answer 20

food vacuole/brings food into the cell

Question 21

Pinocytosis

Answer 21

liquid vacuole/brings waste into the cell

Question 22

Exocytosis

Answer 22

allows things to exit the cell