Unit 2: Carbon Properties Flashcards

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1
Q

Branch of science dealing with the element carbon and its many properties.

A

organic chemistry

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2
Q

About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called Biomass) is ________ in organic molecules.

A

Carbon

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3
Q

About 30% of an organism’s dry weight (called ________) is Carbon in organic molecules.

A

Biomass

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4
Q

The original source for Carbon in all life forms is _______ ________. (CO2 in Photosynthesis)

A

Carbon dioxide

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5
Q

refers to most compounds not containing Carbon.

A

Inorganic

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6
Q

They contain Carbon but are classified as inorganic. (3)

A

CH4 (Methane gas) and CO2 or CO

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7
Q

Carbon has versatility in four directions because of its four __________ _______ in its outer shell.

A

unpaired electrons

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8
Q

These four unpaired electrons allows carbon to act like an ________ in the building of an organic molecule by using those to form covalent bonds with other atoms.

A

intersection

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9
Q

Single Bond between Carbon atoms.(shown as: ______)

A

C-C

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10
Q

Double Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:____)

A

C=C

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11
Q

Triple Bond between Carbon atoms. (shown as:_____)

A

C=C

——

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12
Q

Molecules containing mostly Carbon and Hydrogen.

A

Hydrocarbons

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13
Q

Most hydrocarbons are _______ ______. (Some examples are: Fossil fuels, Oils, And Fats)

A

energy sources

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14
Q

The more ________ atoms in a molecule; the more energy there is in the molecule.

A

Hydrogen

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15
Q

___________ are important parts of cell membranes. (The tails of phospholipids)

A

Hydrocarbons

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16
Q

All hydrocarbons are extremely _______ because they are nonpolar molecules. (“Afraid of” water’s polarity.)

A

hydrophobic

17
Q

(-OH)
This group allows molecules to act as an alcohol or polar molecule.
Name usually ends with “ol”.

A

Hydroxyls

18
Q

A is at one end of the alphabet. Carbonyl is located on the end of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)

A

Aldehydes

19
Q

K is in the middle of the alphabet.Carbonyl is located in the middle of the molecule. (One double bonded oxygen)

A

Ketones

20
Q

Functional group with one double bonded oxygen. ((It takes one stroke to make a lower case “n”.)

A

carbonyls

21
Q

Functional group that has two oxygens…one double bonded and one singled. (It takes two strokes to make an “x”.)
These molecules can act as an acid by losing a Hydrogen atom and can also possibly polar too.

A

carboxyl

22
Q

Functional group that contains Nitrogen and can act as bases by picking up free H+.

A

amine

23
Q

Functional group that contains Sulfur.

Sulfur can make Di-Sulfide bridges for “pockets” in protein formation .

A

Sulfhydrls

24
Q

Functional group that contains Phosphorus.
These molecules are usually involved in E Transfers, such as associated with ATP. It can also act like an Anion, a negative ion.

A

Phosphate

25
Q

These are the sites of most organic molecules chemical reactions or properties. (They have a function to do.)

A

Functional groups