Basic Anatomy and Physiology (8.8)

Question 1

the study of structure

Answer 1

anatomy

Question 2

the study of function

Answer 2

physiology

Question 3

the basic unit of life

Answer 3

cell

Question 4

these are composed from cells with common structure and function (4 types in most animals)

Answer 4

tissues

Question 5

this tissue forms protective coverings of structures such as organs, cavities, and skin. They act as a barrier for various molecules. This tissue relies heavily on the cell junctions to function.

Answer 5

epithelial tissue

Question 6

this tissue is for binding together and supporting the other tissues of the body

Answer 6

connective tissue

Question 7

What are the 6 types of connective tissue?

Answer 7

Loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, bone, blood tissue

Question 8

this is the most abundant connective tissue. It basically acts as “filler material”

Answer 8

loose connective tissue

Question 9

fat cells, these are for: insulation, E storage, and padding

Answer 9

adipose tissue

Question 10

these are composed of dense collagenous fibers

Answer 10

fibrous connective tissue

Question 11

type of fibrous connective tissue that is for connecting bone to bone

Answer 11

ligaments

Question 12

type of fibrous connective tissue for connecting bone with muscle

Answer 12

tendons

Question 13

this is a flexible support material. This is the initial framework for making bone

Answer 13

cartilage

Question 14

Osteo Tissues, this is made from cartilage that has undergone ossification

Answer 14

Bones

Question 15

the process of making bone

Answer 15

ossification

Question 16

this tissue connects the whole organism transporting genes, nutrients, wastes

Answer 16

blood tissue

Question 17

type of blood tissue, the watery component containing dissolved substances

Answer 17

plasma

Question 18

type of blood tissue, the cellular components- RBC’s, WBC’s, and platlets

Answer 18

hematocrit

Question 19

means “red”

Answer 19

Erytho

Question 20

means white

Answer 20

leuko

Question 21

means cell

Answer 21

cyte

Question 22

this tissue senses stimuli and relay messages

Answer 22

nervous tissue

Question 23

the basic structure of nervous tissue

Answer 23

neurons

Question 24

this part of the cell receives stimulus from the environment or another cell (neuron)

Answer 24

dendrites

Question 25

this part collects and bundles the stimuli into one message (contains the organelles) (neuron)

Answer 25

body

Question 26

this part takes the information away from the body toward the brain/muscle/gland. (neuron)

Answer 26

axon

Question 27

this tissue provides a pulling force within the body

Answer 27

muscle tissue

Question 28

cells of the muscle tissue are referred to as _______ ______ due to their long spindly shape.

Answer 28

muscle fibers

Question 29

Muscle fibers are composed of _______ and ______ __________.

Answer 29

actin, myosin microfibrils

Question 30

Muscle tissue is the second largest consumer of ______ in animals. (first is homeostasis)

Answer 30

energy

Question 31

The three types of muscle tissue

Answer 31

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

Question 32

this is striated (stripped) muscle. It is voluntary meaning you can control it

Answer 32

skeletal

Question 33

this is striated muscle. It is involuntary meaning the brain controls it, not you.

Answer 33

cardiac

Question 34

this is unstriated muscle. It is involuntary and it functions in peristalsis

Answer 34

smooth

Question 35

rhythmic contraction of the digestive tract or in moving blood through blood vessels

Answer 35

peristalsis

Question 36

this functional structure is a collection of similar tissues working together

Answer 36

organs

Question 37

The two cavities organs are positioned in

Answer 37

thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity

Question 38

this is above the diaphragm. It contains the heart and lungs and is protected by ribs

Answer 38

thoracic cavity

Question 39

this is below the diaphragm. It contains the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs

Answer 39

abdominal cavity

Question 40

these are composed of organs working together (there are 11 systems in animals)

Answer 40

organ systems

Question 41

this is when all the organ systems are working together to create a multi-cellular organism (great example of emergent properties)

Answer 41

organism