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Biology > Basic Anatomy and Physiology (8.8) > Flashcards

Basic Anatomy and Physiology (8.8) Flashcards

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1
Q

the study of structure

A

anatomy

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2
Q

the study of function

A

physiology

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3
Q

the basic unit of life

A

cell

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4
Q

these are composed from cells with common structure and function (4 types in most animals)

A

tissues

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5
Q

this tissue forms protective coverings of structures such as organs, cavities, and skin. They act as a barrier for various molecules. This tissue relies heavily on the cell junctions to function.

A

epithelial tissue

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6
Q

this tissue is for binding together and supporting the other tissues of the body

A

connective tissue

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7
Q

What are the 6 types of connective tissue?

A

Loose connective tissue, adipose tissue, fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, bone, blood tissue

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8
Q

this is the most abundant connective tissue. It basically acts as “filler material”

A

loose connective tissue

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9
Q

fat cells, these are for: insulation, E storage, and padding

A

adipose tissue

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10
Q

these are composed of dense collagenous fibers

A

fibrous connective tissue

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11
Q

type of fibrous connective tissue that is for connecting bone to bone

A

ligaments

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12
Q

type of fibrous connective tissue for connecting bone with muscle

A

tendons

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13
Q

this is a flexible support material. This is the initial framework for making bone

A

cartilage

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14
Q

Osteo Tissues, this is made from cartilage that has undergone ossification

A

Bones

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15
Q

the process of making bone

A

ossification

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16
Q

this tissue connects the whole organism transporting genes, nutrients, wastes

A

blood tissue

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17
Q

type of blood tissue, the watery component containing dissolved substances

A

plasma

18
Q

type of blood tissue, the cellular components- RBC’s, WBC’s, and platlets

A

hematocrit

19
Q

means “red”

A

Erytho

20
Q

means white

A

leuko

21
Q

means cell

A

cyte

22
Q

this tissue senses stimuli and relay messages

A

nervous tissue

23
Q

the basic structure of nervous tissue

A

neurons

24
Q

this part of the cell receives stimulus from the environment or another cell (neuron)

A

dendrites

25
Q

this part collects and bundles the stimuli into one message (contains the organelles) (neuron)

A

body

26
Q

this part takes the information away from the body toward the brain/muscle/gland. (neuron)

A

axon

27
Q

this tissue provides a pulling force within the body

A

muscle tissue

28
Q

cells of the muscle tissue are referred to as _______ ______ due to their long spindly shape.

A

muscle fibers

29
Q

Muscle fibers are composed of _______ and ______ __________.

A

actin, myosin microfibrils

30
Q

Muscle tissue is the second largest consumer of ______ in animals. (first is homeostasis)

A

energy

31
Q

The three types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal, cardiac, and smooth

32
Q

this is striated (stripped) muscle. It is voluntary meaning you can control it

A

skeletal

33
Q

this is striated muscle. It is involuntary meaning the brain controls it, not you.

A

cardiac

34
Q

this is unstriated muscle. It is involuntary and it functions in peristalsis

A

smooth

35
Q

rhythmic contraction of the digestive tract or in moving blood through blood vessels

A

peristalsis

36
Q

this functional structure is a collection of similar tissues working together

A

organs

37
Q

The two cavities organs are positioned in

A

thoracic cavity, abdominal cavity

38
Q

this is above the diaphragm. It contains the heart and lungs and is protected by ribs

A

thoracic cavity

39
Q

this is below the diaphragm. It contains the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs

A

abdominal cavity

40
Q

these are composed of organs working together (there are 11 systems in animals)

A

organ systems

41
Q

this is when all the organ systems are working together to create a multi-cellular organism (great example of emergent properties)

A

organism

Biology (36 decks)

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