Basic Anatomy and Physiology (8.8) (Part 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

maintaining a steady internal state

A

homeostasis

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2
Q

this stops a process already in motion and reverses the effect

A

negative feedback loop

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3
Q

enhances a process that is already in motion

A

positive feedback loop

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4
Q

To monitor all the chemical processes occurring within an organism every second of everyday it is alive, requires a tremendous amount of ________. Therefore this is the number one energy expenditure by animals. The amount of energy needed to stay alive will be related to the amount of food they eat.

A

energy

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5
Q

the sum of all the chemical reactions occurring within an organism

A

metabolism

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6
Q

these organism generate their body heat from within by breaking down their food; therefore they need to eat more to keep their bodies warm; therefore they are more active anytime of the year

A

endotherm

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7
Q

these organisms obtain heat from the surrounding environment therefore they need less food; therefore they are less active most of the time, especially when it is cold out

A

ectotherm

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8
Q

Small animals need _____ E to counter their large loss of body heat

A

more

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9
Q

Large animals need ______ E as they lose less body heat

A

less

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10
Q

Birds need ______ ______ of E to counter the massive amount of body heat lost and needed to keep their giant breast muscles warm

A

large amounts

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11
Q

organisms that monitor temperature and adjust in a changing environment. This requires energy

A

regulator

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12
Q

organisms that match their body temperature to the environmental temperature. Requires no energy. “Cold-blooded” animals

A

conformer

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13
Q

What are the adaptations in animals that aid in thermoregulation?

A

Insulation (hair, feathers, fat)

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