Basic Anatomy and Physiology (8.8) (Part 2) Flashcards
maintaining a steady internal state
homeostasis
this stops a process already in motion and reverses the effect
negative feedback loop
enhances a process that is already in motion
positive feedback loop
To monitor all the chemical processes occurring within an organism every second of everyday it is alive, requires a tremendous amount of ________. Therefore this is the number one energy expenditure by animals. The amount of energy needed to stay alive will be related to the amount of food they eat.
energy
the sum of all the chemical reactions occurring within an organism
metabolism
these organism generate their body heat from within by breaking down their food; therefore they need to eat more to keep their bodies warm; therefore they are more active anytime of the year
endotherm
these organisms obtain heat from the surrounding environment therefore they need less food; therefore they are less active most of the time, especially when it is cold out
ectotherm
Small animals need _____ E to counter their large loss of body heat
more
Large animals need ______ E as they lose less body heat
less
Birds need ______ ______ of E to counter the massive amount of body heat lost and needed to keep their giant breast muscles warm
large amounts
organisms that monitor temperature and adjust in a changing environment. This requires energy
regulator
organisms that match their body temperature to the environmental temperature. Requires no energy. “Cold-blooded” animals
conformer
What are the adaptations in animals that aid in thermoregulation?
Insulation (hair, feathers, fat)