Unit 2

Question 1

Adhesive

Answer 1

Water + other substances

Question 2

Acid

Answer 2

H+, hydrogen

Question 3

Base

Answer 3

OH-, hydroxide

Question 4

Carbohydrates (elements, monomers)

Answer 4

1. Provide and store energy
2. CHO
3. Monosaccharide

Question 5

Lipids (elements, monomers).

Answer 5

1. Insulate and make up cell membrane
2. CHON
3. Glycerol and three fatty acids.

Question 6

Proteins (elements+monomers).

Answer 6

1. Forms cell structure, controls cellular reaction rate
2. HO
3. Made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Question 7

Nucleic Acid (elements+monomers)

Answer 7

1. Control cell activity, genetic code
2. NDP
3. Nucleotides

Question 8

Cohesive

Answer 8

Water + water

Question 9

Amylase

Answer 9

Found in mouth, breaks down starch to sugars.

Question 10

Pepsin

Answer 10

Stomach, breaks down proteins to amino acids

Question 11

Lipase

Answer 11

Liver, breaks down fats.

Question 12

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 12

The oppositely charged parts of water molecules are attracted to each other

Question 13

All organic molecules contain

Answer 13

Carbon

Question 14

Polysaccharide

Answer 14

• 2+ simple sugars, carbohydrates

Question 15

Monosaccharide

Answer 15

• 1 sugar, simplest form of carbohydrates

Question 16

Polysaccharide used to store energy in plants

Answer 16

Starch

Question 17

Solvent

Answer 17

Can dissolve many substances

Question 18

Buffers

Answer 18

• Weak acids + bases that stabilize pH and help to maintain the homeostasis of an organism

Question 19

Cell membranes are made of a…

Answer 19

• Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 20

Solute + Solvent

Answer 20

• Solute: dissolved

- Solvent: dissolver

Question 21

pH

Answer 21

• Measure of hydrogen ion

Question 22

Enzymes

Answer 22

• Proteins that control chemical reactions in cells

- Are catalysts

Question 23

pH and temperature effect on Enzymes

Answer 23

• High pH and temperature irreversibly change the structure of proteins + alter their function

Question 24

Dehydration Synthesis

Answer 24

• Put together while losing water

- Monomers combine w/each other via covalent bonds to form larger molecules aka polymers

Question 25

Hydrolysis

Answer 25

• A reaction with water in which a molecule is cut into half by the addition of the water molecule

Question 26

2 amino acids joined together

Answer 26

• Peptide

Question 27

2 types of nucleic acids

Answer 27

• DNA + RNA

Question 28

DNA vs. RNA sugar

Answer 28

• DNA: deoxyribose

- RNA: ribose

Question 29

Covalent bonds

Answer 29

• Atoms of water form covalent bonds, meaning they share electrons